Week 7 English Homework

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Bacteria Found in Ancient Ocean Rocks Provide Clues for Life on Mars

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions how to identify bacteria in rock samples?

A NASA's Mars Exploration Program (MEP) orbiting satellites, landers, and rovers have provided essential insights into the red planet's geography, climate, and natural resources. However, discovering signs of life has been difficult. Now, the discovery of microbial development under an ancient, cold marine crust in the centre of the South Pacific gives scientists optimism that the evidence may already exist — we only need to know where to look!
B Yohey Suzuki, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, joined an Integrated Ocean Drilling Program research team in 2010. (IODP). The study vessel, which transported the scientists from Tahiti in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean to Auckland, New Zealand, moored at three spots to gather mud and rock samples from the Earth's core – around 410 feet (125 metres) below the seafloor. The specimens were estimated to be 13.5 million, 33.5 million, and 104 million years old, depending on their location
C In order to prevent surface contamination, the samples were initially disinfected with an artificial saltwater wash and a brief burn. The painstaking quest for microorganisms then began. In order to identify bacteria in rock samples during the time, it was customary to remove the boulder's outer layer, grind its centre into a powder, and then count cells from the broken stone. "I was cracking open boulders with my hammer and chisel while everyone else was working calmly with their mud," remembers Suzuki. Unfortunately, no germs were detected by the researcher.
D Since becoming convinced that the ancient rocks harboured life, Suzuki has sought an improved method for locating proof. He recently proposed slicing rock samples similarly to how pathologists make ultra-thin slices of bodily tissue samples to diagnose diseases. Suzuki covered the specimens with a special epoxy to ensure that they would not disintegrate when sliced. The thin rock layers were then rinsed with a DNA-staining chemical and viewed through a microscope. Indeed, a vast number of bacteria, which appeared as green lighting spheres, were crowded inside orange-glowing tubes of clay mineral deposits. The enthusiastic researcher exclaims, "I thought I was dreaming when I observed such abundant microbiological life in rocks."
E DNA analysis revealed that although the bacterial species from each location were comparable, they were not identical. Suzuki and his colleagues estimate that one millimetre-wide fissure contained as many as ten billion bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. In comparison, the ocean floor clay samples contain approximately 100 bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. The team hypothesised that the clay-mineral-filled fissures have a high concentration of nutrients upon which the bacteria depend for sustenance.
F The discovery of creatures in the old iron-and-clay-rich rocks is especially fascinating due to the similarity of the environment to that of Mars. Similar to Earth's, the crust of the red planet originated approximately four billion years ago from lava that rapidly cooled and cemented. Despite the fact that lakes and other bodies of water that once existed have evaporated, they left behind mineral-rich clay craters, comparable to the clay found beneath the Earth's seabed
G According to Suzuki, "Minerals are like fingerprints that reveal the conditions that existed when the clay formed. Neutral to slightly alkaline levels, low temperature, moderate salinity, an iron-rich environment, and basalt rock — all of these conditions are shared by the deep ocean and the surface of Mars."
H The findings were published in the journal Communications Biology on April 2, 2020. The team is currently collaborating with NASA's Johnson Space Centre to design a plan to investigate the Martian surface rocks gathered by the rovers. This discovery of life where no one expected it, in the solid rock beneath the ocean, may alter the search for life in space, according to an ecstatic Suzuki.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Bacteria Found in Ancient Ocean Rocks Provide Clues for Life on Mars

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions clay craters on Mars, resembling clay found beneath our Earth’s seabed?

A NASA's Mars Exploration Program (MEP) orbiting satellites, landers, and rovers have provided essential insights into the red planet's geography, climate, and natural resources. However, discovering signs of life has been difficult. Now, the discovery of microbial development under an ancient, cold marine crust in the centre of the South Pacific gives scientists optimism that the evidence may already exist — we only need to know where to look!
B Yohey Suzuki, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, joined an Integrated Ocean Drilling Program research team in 2010. (IODP). The study vessel, which transported the scientists from Tahiti in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean to Auckland, New Zealand, moored at three spots to gather mud and rock samples from the Earth's core – around 410 feet (125 metres) below the seafloor. The specimens were estimated to be 13.5 million, 33.5 million, and 104 million years old, depending on their location
C In order to prevent surface contamination, the samples were initially disinfected with an artificial saltwater wash and a brief burn. The painstaking quest for microorganisms then began. In order to identify bacteria in rock samples during the time, it was customary to remove the boulder's outer layer, grind its centre into a powder, and then count cells from the broken stone. "I was cracking open boulders with my hammer and chisel while everyone else was working calmly with their mud," remembers Suzuki. Unfortunately, no germs were detected by the researcher.
D Since becoming convinced that the ancient rocks harboured life, Suzuki has sought an improved method for locating proof. He recently proposed slicing rock samples similarly to how pathologists make ultra-thin slices of bodily tissue samples to diagnose diseases. Suzuki covered the specimens with a special epoxy to ensure that they would not disintegrate when sliced. The thin rock layers were then rinsed with a DNA-staining chemical and viewed through a microscope. Indeed, a vast number of bacteria, which appeared as green lighting spheres, were crowded inside orange-glowing tubes of clay mineral deposits. The enthusiastic researcher exclaims, "I thought I was dreaming when I observed such abundant microbiological life in rocks."
E DNA analysis revealed that although the bacterial species from each location were comparable, they were not identical. Suzuki and his colleagues estimate that one millimetre-wide fissure contained as many as ten billion bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. In comparison, the ocean floor clay samples contain approximately 100 bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. The team hypothesised that the clay-mineral-filled fissures have a high concentration of nutrients upon which the bacteria depend for sustenance.
F The discovery of creatures in the old iron-and-clay-rich rocks is especially fascinating due to the similarity of the environment to that of Mars. Similar to Earth's, the crust of the red planet originated approximately four billion years ago from lava that rapidly cooled and cemented. Despite the fact that lakes and other bodies of water that once existed have evaporated, they left behind mineral-rich clay craters, comparable to the clay found beneath the Earth's seabed
G According to Suzuki, "Minerals are like fingerprints that reveal the conditions that existed when the clay formed. Neutral to slightly alkaline levels, low temperature, moderate salinity, an iron-rich environment, and basalt rock — all of these conditions are shared by the deep ocean and the surface of Mars."
H The findings were published in the journal Communications Biology on April 2, 2020. The team is currently collaborating with NASA's Johnson Space Centre to design a plan to investigate the Martian surface rocks gathered by the rovers. This discovery of life where no one expected it, in the solid rock beneath the ocean, may alter the search for life in space, according to an ecstatic Suzuki.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Bacteria Found in Ancient Ocean Rocks Provide Clues for Life on Mars

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions that Suzuki’s team is to arrange a plan to investigate Mars’ surface rocks gathered by NASA’s rovers?

A NASA's Mars Exploration Program (MEP) orbiting satellites, landers, and rovers have provided essential insights into the red planet's geography, climate, and natural resources. However, discovering signs of life has been difficult. Now, the discovery of microbial development under an ancient, cold marine crust in the centre of the South Pacific gives scientists optimism that the evidence may already exist — we only need to know where to look!
B Yohey Suzuki, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, joined an Integrated Ocean Drilling Program research team in 2010. (IODP). The study vessel, which transported the scientists from Tahiti in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean to Auckland, New Zealand, moored at three spots to gather mud and rock samples from the Earth's core – around 410 feet (125 metres) below the seafloor. The specimens were estimated to be 13.5 million, 33.5 million, and 104 million years old, depending on their location
C In order to prevent surface contamination, the samples were initially disinfected with an artificial saltwater wash and a brief burn. The painstaking quest for microorganisms then began. In order to identify bacteria in rock samples during the time, it was customary to remove the boulder's outer layer, grind its centre into a powder, and then count cells from the broken stone. "I was cracking open boulders with my hammer and chisel while everyone else was working calmly with their mud," remembers Suzuki. Unfortunately, no germs were detected by the researcher.
D Since becoming convinced that the ancient rocks harboured life, Suzuki has sought an improved method for locating proof. He recently proposed slicing rock samples similarly to how pathologists make ultra-thin slices of bodily tissue samples to diagnose diseases. Suzuki covered the specimens with a special epoxy to ensure that they would not disintegrate when sliced. The thin rock layers were then rinsed with a DNA-staining chemical and viewed through a microscope. Indeed, a vast number of bacteria, which appeared as green lighting spheres, were crowded inside orange-glowing tubes of clay mineral deposits. The enthusiastic researcher exclaims, "I thought I was dreaming when I observed such abundant microbiological life in rocks."
E DNA analysis revealed that although the bacterial species from each location were comparable, they were not identical. Suzuki and his colleagues estimate that one millimetre-wide fissure contained as many as ten billion bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. In comparison, the ocean floor clay samples contain approximately 100 bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. The team hypothesised that the clay-mineral-filled fissures have a high concentration of nutrients upon which the bacteria depend for sustenance.
F The discovery of creatures in the old iron-and-clay-rich rocks is especially fascinating due to the similarity of the environment to that of Mars. Similar to Earth's, the crust of the red planet originated approximately four billion years ago from lava that rapidly cooled and cemented. Despite the fact that lakes and other bodies of water that once existed have evaporated, they left behind mineral-rich clay craters, comparable to the clay found beneath the Earth's seabed
G According to Suzuki, "Minerals are like fingerprints that reveal the conditions that existed when the clay formed. Neutral to slightly alkaline levels, low temperature, moderate salinity, an iron-rich environment, and basalt rock — all of these conditions are shared by the deep ocean and the surface of Mars."
H The findings were published in the journal Communications Biology on April 2, 2020. The team is currently collaborating with NASA's Johnson Space Centre to design a plan to investigate the Martian surface rocks gathered by the rovers. This discovery of life where no one expected it, in the solid rock beneath the ocean, may alter the search for life in space, according to an ecstatic Suzuki.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Bacteria Found in Ancient Ocean Rocks Provide Clues for Life on Mars

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions that Suzuki proposed slicing rock samples to diagnose diseases?

A NASA's Mars Exploration Program (MEP) orbiting satellites, landers, and rovers have provided essential insights into the red planet's geography, climate, and natural resources. However, discovering signs of life has been difficult. Now, the discovery of microbial development under an ancient, cold marine crust in the centre of the South Pacific gives scientists optimism that the evidence may already exist — we only need to know where to look!
B Yohey Suzuki, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, joined an Integrated Ocean Drilling Program research team in 2010. (IODP). The study vessel, which transported the scientists from Tahiti in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean to Auckland, New Zealand, moored at three spots to gather mud and rock samples from the Earth's core – around 410 feet (125 metres) below the seafloor. The specimens were estimated to be 13.5 million, 33.5 million, and 104 million years old, depending on their location
C In order to prevent surface contamination, the samples were initially disinfected with an artificial saltwater wash and a brief burn. The painstaking quest for microorganisms then began. In order to identify bacteria in rock samples during the time, it was customary to remove the boulder's outer layer, grind its centre into a powder, and then count cells from the broken stone. "I was cracking open boulders with my hammer and chisel while everyone else was working calmly with their mud," remembers Suzuki. Unfortunately, no germs were detected by the researcher.
D Since becoming convinced that the ancient rocks harboured life, Suzuki has sought an improved method for locating proof. He recently proposed slicing rock samples similarly to how pathologists make ultra-thin slices of bodily tissue samples to diagnose diseases. Suzuki covered the specimens with a special epoxy to ensure that they would not disintegrate when sliced. The thin rock layers were then rinsed with a DNA-staining chemical and viewed through a microscope. Indeed, a vast number of bacteria, which appeared as green lighting spheres, were crowded inside orange-glowing tubes of clay mineral deposits. The enthusiastic researcher exclaims, "I thought I was dreaming when I observed such abundant microbiological life in rocks."
E DNA analysis revealed that although the bacterial species from each location were comparable, they were not identical. Suzuki and his colleagues estimate that one millimetre-wide fissure contained as many as ten billion bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. In comparison, the ocean floor clay samples contain approximately 100 bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. The team hypothesised that the clay-mineral-filled fissures have a high concentration of nutrients upon which the bacteria depend for sustenance.
F The discovery of creatures in the old iron-and-clay-rich rocks is especially fascinating due to the similarity of the environment to that of Mars. Similar to Earth's, the crust of the red planet originated approximately four billion years ago from lava that rapidly cooled and cemented. Despite the fact that lakes and other bodies of water that once existed have evaporated, they left behind mineral-rich clay craters, comparable to the clay found beneath the Earth's seabed
G According to Suzuki, "Minerals are like fingerprints that reveal the conditions that existed when the clay formed. Neutral to slightly alkaline levels, low temperature, moderate salinity, an iron-rich environment, and basalt rock — all of these conditions are shared by the deep ocean and the surface of Mars."
H The findings were published in the journal Communications Biology on April 2, 2020. The team is currently collaborating with NASA's Johnson Space Centre to design a plan to investigate the Martian surface rocks gathered by the rovers. This discovery of life where no one expected it, in the solid rock beneath the ocean, may alter the search for life in space, according to an ecstatic Suzuki.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Bacteria Found in Ancient Ocean Rocks Provide Clues for Life on Mars

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions Suzuki’s team’s hypothesis that specific fissures have a high concentration of nutrients upon which the bacteria depend for sustenance?

A NASA's Mars Exploration Program (MEP) orbiting satellites, landers, and rovers have provided essential insights into the red planet's geography, climate, and natural resources. However, discovering signs of life has been difficult. Now, the discovery of microbial development under an ancient, cold marine crust in the centre of the South Pacific gives scientists optimism that the evidence may already exist — we only need to know where to look!
B Yohey Suzuki, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, joined an Integrated Ocean Drilling Program research team in 2010. (IODP). The study vessel, which transported the scientists from Tahiti in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean to Auckland, New Zealand, moored at three spots to gather mud and rock samples from the Earth's core – around 410 feet (125 metres) below the seafloor. The specimens were estimated to be 13.5 million, 33.5 million, and 104 million years old, depending on their location
C In order to prevent surface contamination, the samples were initially disinfected with an artificial saltwater wash and a brief burn. The painstaking quest for microorganisms then began. In order to identify bacteria in rock samples during the time, it was customary to remove the boulder's outer layer, grind its centre into a powder, and then count cells from the broken stone. "I was cracking open boulders with my hammer and chisel while everyone else was working calmly with their mud," remembers Suzuki. Unfortunately, no germs were detected by the researcher.
D Since becoming convinced that the ancient rocks harboured life, Suzuki has sought an improved method for locating proof. He recently proposed slicing rock samples similarly to how pathologists make ultra-thin slices of bodily tissue samples to diagnose diseases. Suzuki covered the specimens with a special epoxy to ensure that they would not disintegrate when sliced. The thin rock layers were then rinsed with a DNA-staining chemical and viewed through a microscope. Indeed, a vast number of bacteria, which appeared as green lighting spheres, were crowded inside orange-glowing tubes of clay mineral deposits. The enthusiastic researcher exclaims, "I thought I was dreaming when I observed such abundant microbiological life in rocks."
E DNA analysis revealed that although the bacterial species from each location were comparable, they were not identical. Suzuki and his colleagues estimate that one millimetre-wide fissure contained as many as ten billion bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. In comparison, the ocean floor clay samples contain approximately 100 bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. The team hypothesised that the clay-mineral-filled fissures have a high concentration of nutrients upon which the bacteria depend for sustenance.
F The discovery of creatures in the old iron-and-clay-rich rocks is especially fascinating due to the similarity of the environment to that of Mars. Similar to Earth's, the crust of the red planet originated approximately four billion years ago from lava that rapidly cooled and cemented. Despite the fact that lakes and other bodies of water that once existed have evaporated, they left behind mineral-rich clay craters, comparable to the clay found beneath the Earth's seabed
F The discovery of creatures in the old iron-and-clay-rich rocks is especially fascinating due to the similarity of the environment to that of Mars. Similar to Earth's, the crust of the red planet originated approximately four billion years ago from lava that rapidly cooled and cemented. Despite the fact that lakes and other bodies of water that once existed have evaporated, they left behind mineral-rich clay craters, comparable to the clay found beneath the Earth's seabed
G According to Suzuki, "Minerals are like fingerprints that reveal the conditions that existed when the clay formed. Neutral to slightly alkaline levels, low temperature, moderate salinity, an iron-rich environment, and basalt rock — all of these conditions are shared by the deep ocean and the surface of Mars."
H The findings were published in the journal Communications Biology on April 2, 2020. The team is currently collaborating with NASA's Johnson Space Centre to design a plan to investigate the Martian surface rocks gathered by the rovers. This discovery of life where no one expected it, in the solid rock beneath the ocean, may alter the search for life in space, according to an ecstatic Suzuki.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Bacteria Found in Ancient Ocean Rocks Provide Clues for Life on Mars

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions a study vessel that transported scientists to three spots to gather samples from the Earth’s core?

A NASA's Mars Exploration Program (MEP) orbiting satellites, landers, and rovers have provided essential insights into the red planet's geography, climate, and natural resources. However, discovering signs of life has been difficult. Now, the discovery of microbial development under an ancient, cold marine crust in the centre of the South Pacific gives scientists optimism that the evidence may already exist — we only need to know where to look!
B Yohey Suzuki, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, joined an Integrated Ocean Drilling Program research team in 2010. (IODP). The study vessel, which transported the scientists from Tahiti in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean to Auckland, New Zealand, moored at three spots to gather mud and rock samples from the Earth's core – around 410 feet (125 metres) below the seafloor. The specimens were estimated to be 13.5 million, 33.5 million, and 104 million years old, depending on their location
C In order to prevent surface contamination, the samples were initially disinfected with an artificial saltwater wash and a brief burn. The painstaking quest for microorganisms then began. In order to identify bacteria in rock samples during the time, it was customary to remove the boulder's outer layer, grind its centre into a powder, and then count cells from the broken stone. "I was cracking open boulders with my hammer and chisel while everyone else was working calmly with their mud," remembers Suzuki. Unfortunately, no germs were detected by the researcher.
D Since becoming convinced that the ancient rocks harboured life, Suzuki has sought an improved method for locating proof. He recently proposed slicing rock samples similarly to how pathologists make ultra-thin slices of bodily tissue samples to diagnose diseases. Suzuki covered the specimens with a special epoxy to ensure that they would not disintegrate when sliced. The thin rock layers were then rinsed with a DNA-staining chemical and viewed through a microscope. Indeed, a vast number of bacteria, which appeared as green lighting spheres, were crowded inside orange-glowing tubes of clay mineral deposits. The enthusiastic researcher exclaims, "I thought I was dreaming when I observed such abundant microbiological life in rocks."
E DNA analysis revealed that although the bacterial species from each location were comparable, they were not identical. Suzuki and his colleagues estimate that one millimetre-wide fissure contained as many as ten billion bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. In comparison, the ocean floor clay samples contain approximately 100 bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. The team hypothesised that the clay-mineral-filled fissures have a high concentration of nutrients upon which the bacteria depend for sustenance.
F The discovery of creatures in the old iron-and-clay-rich rocks is especially fascinating due to the similarity of the environment to that of Mars. Similar to Earth's, the crust of the red planet originated approximately four billion years ago from lava that rapidly cooled and cemented. Despite the fact that lakes and other bodies of water that once existed have evaporated, they left behind mineral-rich clay craters, comparable to the clay found beneath the Earth's seabed
G According to Suzuki, "Minerals are like fingerprints that reveal the conditions that existed when the clay formed. Neutral to slightly alkaline levels, low temperature, moderate salinity, an iron-rich environment, and basalt rock — all of these conditions are shared by the deep ocean and the surface of Mars."
H The findings were published in the journal Communications Biology on April 2, 2020. The team is currently collaborating with NASA's Johnson Space Centre to design a plan to investigate the Martian surface rocks gathered by the rovers. This discovery of life where no one expected it, in the solid rock beneath the ocean, may alter the search for life in space, according to an ecstatic Suzuki.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Bacteria Found in Ancient Ocean Rocks Provide Clues for Life on Mars

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions the conditions that are present in the deep ocean and the surface of Mars such as low temperature, moderate salinity, and an iron-rich environment?

A NASA's Mars Exploration Program (MEP) orbiting satellites, landers, and rovers have provided essential insights into the red planet's geography, climate, and natural resources. However, discovering signs of life has been difficult. Now, the discovery of microbial development under an ancient, cold marine crust in the centre of the South Pacific gives scientists optimism that the evidence may already exist — we only need to know where to look!
B Yohey Suzuki, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, joined an Integrated Ocean Drilling Program research team in 2010. (IODP). The study vessel, which transported the scientists from Tahiti in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean to Auckland, New Zealand, moored at three spots to gather mud and rock samples from the Earth's core – around 410 feet (125 metres) below the seafloor. The specimens were estimated to be 13.5 million, 33.5 million, and 104 million years old, depending on their location
C In order to prevent surface contamination, the samples were initially disinfected with an artificial saltwater wash and a brief burn. The painstaking quest for microorganisms then began. In order to identify bacteria in rock samples during the time, it was customary to remove the boulder's outer layer, grind its centre into a powder, and then count cells from the broken stone. "I was cracking open boulders with my hammer and chisel while everyone else was working calmly with their mud," remembers Suzuki. Unfortunately, no germs were detected by the researcher.
D Since becoming convinced that the ancient rocks harboured life, Suzuki has sought an improved method for locating proof. He recently proposed slicing rock samples similarly to how pathologists make ultra-thin slices of bodily tissue samples to diagnose diseases. Suzuki covered the specimens with a special epoxy to ensure that they would not disintegrate when sliced. The thin rock layers were then rinsed with a DNA-staining chemical and viewed through a microscope. Indeed, a vast number of bacteria, which appeared as green lighting spheres, were crowded inside orange-glowing tubes of clay mineral deposits. The enthusiastic researcher exclaims, "I thought I was dreaming when I observed such abundant microbiological life in rocks."
E DNA analysis revealed that although the bacterial species from each location were comparable, they were not identical. Suzuki and his colleagues estimate that one millimetre-wide fissure contained as many as ten billion bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. In comparison, the ocean floor clay samples contain approximately 100 bacterial cells per cubic centimetre. The team hypothesised that the clay-mineral-filled fissures have a high concentration of nutrients upon which the bacteria depend for sustenance.
F The discovery of creatures in the old iron-and-clay-rich rocks is especially fascinating due to the similarity of the environment to that of Mars. Similar to Earth's, the crust of the red planet originated approximately four billion years ago from lava that rapidly cooled and cemented. Despite the fact that lakes and other bodies of water that once existed have evaporated, they left behind mineral-rich clay craters, comparable to the clay found beneath the Earth's seabed
G According to Suzuki, "Minerals are like fingerprints that reveal the conditions that existed when the clay formed. Neutral to slightly alkaline levels, low temperature, moderate salinity, an iron-rich environment, and basalt rock — all of these conditions are shared by the deep ocean and the surface of Mars."
H The findings were published in the journal Communications Biology on April 2, 2020. The team is currently collaborating with NASA's Johnson Space Centre to design a plan to investigate the Martian surface rocks gathered by the rovers. This discovery of life where no one expected it, in the solid rock beneath the ocean, may alter the search for life in space, according to an ecstatic Suzuki.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Problem with Honey Bees

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions how beekeeping has been a chosen pastime of thousands of people but is causing more harm than good for the environment?

A Many individuals associate honey bees with affluence, sustainability, and environmentalism. However, only the first item on that list can be defended. Honeybees undermine natural ecosystems by competing with native bees, many of which are endangered species.
B Hundreds of thousands of Americans have taken up beekeeping as a pastime since "rescue the bees" campaigns garnered widespread attention. However, honeybees are the least endangered species. They receive disproportionate media coverage compared to native pollinators, and unclear messaging has caused many folks, myself included, to believe that wearing a beekeeper's veil is beneficial for the environment. Sadly, they are likely causing more harm than good.
C Colla recently published an analysis of approximately one thousand citizen comments in response to Ontario's proposed Pollinator Health Action Plan – a proposal for tougher neonicotinoid pesticide laws. Despite widespread interest in bees and pollination and high support for stricter pesticide controls, Colla and her colleagues discovered that citizens had shockingly limited awareness of pollinator variety and their functions in pollination.
D "The emphasis on neonics [a type of pesticide] and honey bees have diverted a tremendous amount of resources from protecting wild pollinators from their most significant concerns," adds Colla. She is understandably disturbed by the misplaced focus on conserving honey bees when, from a conservationist's perspective, native bees are in more need of assistance.
E And despite the fact that honey bee-centric enterprises frequently support activities that help native bees, such as the development of bee-friendly habitats, their financial contributions pale in contrast to what could be accomplished if monies were applied directly to these initiatives. "Beekeeping businesses and various non-scientific efforts have benefited financially from the demise of natural pollinators," adds Colla. Therefore, these resources were not dedicated to the true concern of the public.
F High honey bee colony density enhances competition between native pollinators for feed, putting additional strain on species already in decline. Extremely generalist foragers, honey bees dominate floral resources, resulting in exploitative competition, in which one species depletes a resource, leaving none for others.
G However, empirical testing is required to determine the impact honey bees have on natural ecosystems. It is plausible, for instance, that the diverse foraging behaviours of native bees—differences in their active times of the day or preferred plants, for instance—could result in a lack of effective competition. However, because honey bees are so pervasive, it has been difficult to determine how their introduction and subsequent resource monopolisation alter ecosystem networks.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Problem with Honey Bees

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions that an added strain on species already in decline is placed by high honey bee colony density?

A Many individuals associate honey bees with affluence, sustainability, and environmentalism. However, only the first item on that list can be defended. Honeybees undermine natural ecosystems by competing with native bees, many of which are endangered species.
B Hundreds of thousands of Americans have taken up beekeeping as a pastime since "rescue the bees" campaigns garnered widespread attention. However, honeybees are the least endangered species. They receive disproportionate media coverage compared to native pollinators, and unclear messaging has caused many folks, myself included, to believe that wearing a beekeeper's veil is beneficial for the environment. Sadly, they are likely causing more harm than good.
C Colla recently published an analysis of approximately one thousand citizen comments in response to Ontario's proposed Pollinator Health Action Plan – a proposal for tougher neonicotinoid pesticide laws. Despite widespread interest in bees and pollination and high support for stricter pesticide controls, Colla and her colleagues discovered that citizens had shockingly limited awareness of pollinator variety and their functions in pollination.
D "The emphasis on neonics [a type of pesticide] and honey bees have diverted a tremendous amount of resources from protecting wild pollinators from their most significant concerns," adds Colla. She is understandably disturbed by the misplaced focus on conserving honey bees when, from a conservationist's perspective, native bees are in more need of assistance.
E And despite the fact that honey bee-centric enterprises frequently support activities that help native bees, such as the development of bee-friendly habitats, their financial contributions pale in contrast to what could be accomplished if monies were applied directly to these initiatives. "Beekeeping businesses and various non-scientific efforts have benefited financially from the demise of natural pollinators," adds Colla. Therefore, these resources were not dedicated to the true concern of the public.
F High honey bee colony density enhances competition between native pollinators for feed, putting additional strain on species already in decline. Extremely generalist foragers, honey bees dominate floral resources, resulting in exploitative competition, in which one species depletes a resource, leaving none for others.
G However, empirical testing is required to determine the impact honey bees have on natural ecosystems. It is plausible, for instance, that the diverse foraging behaviours of native bees—differences in their active times of the day or preferred plants, for instance—could result in a lack of effective competition. However, because honey bees are so pervasive, it has been difficult to determine how their introduction and subsequent resource monopolisation alter ecosystem networks.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Problem with Honey Bees

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions an analysis that was just released in response to a health action plan, which calls for stricter neonicotinoid pesticide regulations?

A Many individuals associate honey bees with affluence, sustainability, and environmentalism. However, only the first item on that list can be defended. Honeybees undermine natural ecosystems by competing with native bees, many of which are endangered species.
B Hundreds of thousands of Americans have taken up beekeeping as a pastime since "rescue the bees" campaigns garnered widespread attention. However, honeybees are the least endangered species. They receive disproportionate media coverage compared to native pollinators, and unclear messaging has caused many folks, myself included, to believe that wearing a beekeeper's veil is beneficial for the environment. Sadly, they are likely causing more harm than good.
C Colla recently published an analysis of approximately one thousand citizen comments in response to Ontario's proposed Pollinator Health Action Plan – a proposal for tougher neonicotinoid pesticide laws. Despite widespread interest in bees and pollination and high support for stricter pesticide controls, Colla and her colleagues discovered that citizens had shockingly limited awareness of pollinator variety and their functions in pollination.
D "The emphasis on neonics [a type of pesticide] and honey bees have diverted a tremendous amount of resources from protecting wild pollinators from their most significant concerns," adds Colla. She is understandably disturbed by the misplaced focus on conserving honey bees when, from a conservationist's perspective, native bees are in more need of assistance.
E And despite the fact that honey bee-centric enterprises frequently support activities that help native bees, such as the development of bee-friendly habitats, their financial contributions pale in contrast to what could be accomplished if monies were applied directly to these initiatives. "Beekeeping businesses and various non-scientific efforts have benefited financially from the demise of natural pollinators," adds Colla. Therefore, these resources were not dedicated to the true concern of the public.
F High honey bee colony density enhances competition between native pollinators for feed, putting additional strain on species already in decline. Extremely generalist foragers, honey bees dominate floral resources, resulting in exploitative competition, in which one species depletes a resource, leaving none for others.
G However, empirical testing is required to determine the impact honey bees have on natural ecosystems. It is plausible, for instance, that the diverse foraging behaviours of native bees—differences in their active times of the day or preferred plants, for instance—could result in a lack of effective competition. However, because honey bees are so pervasive, it has been difficult to determine how their introduction and subsequent resource monopolisation alter ecosystem networks.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Problem with Honey Bees

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions a conservationist’s perspective that in terms of conserving, native bees need more assistance than honey bees?

A Many individuals associate honey bees with affluence, sustainability, and environmentalism. However, only the first item on that list can be defended. Honeybees undermine natural ecosystems by competing with native bees, many of which are endangered species.
B Hundreds of thousands of Americans have taken up beekeeping as a pastime since "rescue the bees" campaigns garnered widespread attention. However, honeybees are the least endangered species. They receive disproportionate media coverage compared to native pollinators, and unclear messaging has caused many folks, myself included, to believe that wearing a beekeeper's veil is beneficial for the environment. Sadly, they are likely causing more harm than good.
C Colla recently published an analysis of approximately one thousand citizen comments in response to Ontario's proposed Pollinator Health Action Plan – a proposal for tougher neonicotinoid pesticide laws. Despite widespread interest in bees and pollination and high support for stricter pesticide controls, Colla and her colleagues discovered that citizens had shockingly limited awareness of pollinator variety and their functions in pollination.
D "The emphasis on neonics [a type of pesticide] and honey bees have diverted a tremendous amount of resources from protecting wild pollinators from their most significant concerns," adds Colla. She is understandably disturbed by the misplaced focus on conserving honey bees when, from a conservationist's perspective, native bees are in more need of assistance.
E And despite the fact that honey bee-centric enterprises frequently support activities that help native bees, such as the development of bee-friendly habitats, their financial contributions pale in contrast to what could be accomplished if monies were applied directly to these initiatives. "Beekeeping businesses and various non-scientific efforts have benefited financially from the demise of natural pollinators," adds Colla. Therefore, these resources were not dedicated to the true concern of the public.
F High honey bee colony density enhances competition between native pollinators for feed, putting additional strain on species already in decline. Extremely generalist foragers, honey bees dominate floral resources, resulting in exploitative competition, in which one species depletes a resource, leaving none for others.
G However, empirical testing is required to determine the impact honey bees have on natural ecosystems. It is plausible, for instance, that the diverse foraging behaviours of native bees—differences in their active times of the day or preferred plants, for instance—could result in a lack of effective competition. However, because honey bees are so pervasive, it has been difficult to determine how their introduction and subsequent resource monopolisation alter ecosystem networks.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Problem with Honey Bees

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions an information for readers on how honey bees compete with native bees and undermine natural ecosystems?

A Many individuals associate honey bees with affluence, sustainability, and environmentalism. However, only the first item on that list can be defended. Honeybees undermine natural ecosystems by competing with native bees, many of which are endangered species.
B Hundreds of thousands of Americans have taken up beekeeping as a pastime since "rescue the bees" campaigns garnered widespread attention. However, honeybees are the least endangered species. They receive disproportionate media coverage compared to native pollinators, and unclear messaging has caused many folks, myself included, to believe that wearing a beekeeper's veil is beneficial for the environment. Sadly, they are likely causing more harm than good.
C Colla recently published an analysis of approximately one thousand citizen comments in response to Ontario's proposed Pollinator Health Action Plan – a proposal for tougher neonicotinoid pesticide laws. Despite widespread interest in bees and pollination and high support for stricter pesticide controls, Colla and her colleagues discovered that citizens had shockingly limited awareness of pollinator variety and their functions in pollination.
D "The emphasis on neonics [a type of pesticide] and honey bees have diverted a tremendous amount of resources from protecting wild pollinators from their most significant concerns," adds Colla. She is understandably disturbed by the misplaced focus on conserving honey bees when, from a conservationist's perspective, native bees are in more need of assistance.
E And despite the fact that honey bee-centric enterprises frequently support activities that help native bees, such as the development of bee-friendly habitats, their financial contributions pale in contrast to what could be accomplished if monies were applied directly to these initiatives. "Beekeeping businesses and various non-scientific efforts have benefited financially from the demise of natural pollinators," adds Colla. Therefore, these resources were not dedicated to the true concern of the public.
F High honey bee colony density enhances competition between native pollinators for feed, putting additional strain on species already in decline. Extremely generalist foragers, honey bees dominate floral resources, resulting in exploitative competition, in which one species depletes a resource, leaving none for others.
G However, empirical testing is required to determine the impact honey bees have on natural ecosystems. It is plausible, for instance, that the diverse foraging behaviours of native bees—differences in their active times of the day or preferred plants, for instance—could result in a lack of effective competition. However, because honey bees are so pervasive, it has been difficult to determine how their introduction and subsequent resource monopolisation alter ecosystem networks.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Problem with Honey Bees

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions the dominance of honey bees over floral resources, which led to exploitative competition in which one species uses up all the resources and leaves none for the other?

A Many individuals associate honey bees with affluence, sustainability, and environmentalism. However, only the first item on that list can be defended. Honeybees undermine natural ecosystems by competing with native bees, many of which are endangered species.
B Hundreds of thousands of Americans have taken up beekeeping as a pastime since "rescue the bees" campaigns garnered widespread attention. However, honeybees are the least endangered species. They receive disproportionate media coverage compared to native pollinators, and unclear messaging has caused many folks, myself included, to believe that wearing a beekeeper's veil is beneficial for the environment. Sadly, they are likely causing more harm than good.
C Colla recently published an analysis of approximately one thousand citizen comments in response to Ontario's proposed Pollinator Health Action Plan – a proposal for tougher neonicotinoid pesticide laws. Despite widespread interest in bees and pollination and high support for stricter pesticide controls, Colla and her colleagues discovered that citizens had shockingly limited awareness of pollinator variety and their functions in pollination.
D "The emphasis on neonics [a type of pesticide] and honey bees have diverted a tremendous amount of resources from protecting wild pollinators from their most significant concerns," adds Colla. She is understandably disturbed by the misplaced focus on conserving honey bees when, from a conservationist's perspective, native bees are in more need of assistance.
E And despite the fact that honey bee-centric enterprises frequently support activities that help native bees, such as the development of bee-friendly habitats, their financial contributions pale in contrast to what could be accomplished if monies were applied directly to these initiatives. "Beekeeping businesses and various non-scientific efforts have benefited financially from the demise of natural pollinators," adds Colla. Therefore, these resources were not dedicated to the true concern of the public.
F High honey bee colony density enhances competition between native pollinators for feed, putting additional strain on species already in decline. Extremely generalist foragers, honey bees dominate floral resources, resulting in exploitative competition, in which one species depletes a resource, leaving none for others.
G However, empirical testing is required to determine the impact honey bees have on natural ecosystems. It is plausible, for instance, that the diverse foraging behaviours of native bees—differences in their active times of the day or preferred plants, for instance—could result in a lack of effective competition. However, because honey bees are so pervasive, it has been difficult to determine how their introduction and subsequent resource monopolisation alter ecosystem networks.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Problem with Honey Bees

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions the disproportionate media coverage towards honey bees compared to native bees and how unclear messaging has caused people to believe that beekeeping is beneficial for the environment?

A Many individuals associate honey bees with affluence, sustainability, and environmentalism. However, only the first item on that list can be defended. Honeybees undermine natural ecosystems by competing with native bees, many of which are endangered species.
B Hundreds of thousands of Americans have taken up beekeeping as a pastime since "rescue the bees" campaigns garnered widespread attention. However, honeybees are the least endangered species. They receive disproportionate media coverage compared to native pollinators, and unclear messaging has caused many folks, myself included, to believe that wearing a beekeeper's veil is beneficial for the environment. Sadly, they are likely causing more harm than good.
C Colla recently published an analysis of approximately one thousand citizen comments in response to Ontario's proposed Pollinator Health Action Plan – a proposal for tougher neonicotinoid pesticide laws. Despite widespread interest in bees and pollination and high support for stricter pesticide controls, Colla and her colleagues discovered that citizens had shockingly limited awareness of pollinator variety and their functions in pollination.
D "The emphasis on neonics [a type of pesticide] and honey bees have diverted a tremendous amount of resources from protecting wild pollinators from their most significant concerns," adds Colla. She is understandably disturbed by the misplaced focus on conserving honey bees when, from a conservationist's perspective, native bees are in more need of assistance.
E And despite the fact that honey bee-centric enterprises frequently support activities that help native bees, such as the development of bee-friendly habitats, their financial contributions pale in contrast to what could be accomplished if monies were applied directly to these initiatives. "Beekeeping businesses and various non-scientific efforts have benefited financially from the demise of natural pollinators," adds Colla. Therefore, these resources were not dedicated to the true concern of the public.
F High honey bee colony density enhances competition between native pollinators for feed, putting additional strain on species already in decline. Extremely generalist foragers, honey bees dominate floral resources, resulting in exploitative competition, in which one species depletes a resource, leaving none for others.
G However, empirical testing is required to determine the impact honey bees have on natural ecosystems. It is plausible, for instance, that the diverse foraging behaviours of native bees—differences in their active times of the day or preferred plants, for instance—could result in a lack of effective competition. However, because honey bees are so pervasive, it has been difficult to determine how their introduction and subsequent resource monopolisation alter ecosystem networks.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Columbus Day Debate

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions a nun that helped create institutions such as infirmaries in America and the U.S.?

A The second Monday of October has historically been celebrated as Columbus Day to commemorate the Italian explorer's "discovery" of the Americas on October 12, 1492. However, the federal holiday, which will be observed on October 11 this year, has long been controversial due to the harsh treatment of Native Americans by European settlers.
B Furthermore, historians contend that Christopher Columbus was not the first to discover the continent. The indigenous people had inhabited the Americas for centuries before his arrival. In addition, he was not the first European to arrive in North America. This distinction belongs to a group of Vikings commanded by Leif Eriksson who settled Greenland in 980 AD.
C Oregon, Iowa, and Nebraska, among others, have never celebrated Columbus Day. In honour of the state's Polynesian forefathers, Hawaii renamed it "Discoverers' Day" in 1971, while South Dakota called it "Native American Day" in 1990. As public knowledge of the topic grew, many colleges and institutions in the United States ceased to observe the holiday.
D The shift in feeling was positive, but many individuals have remained opposed to the fact that Columbus Day is a government holiday. In 1977, a Native American delegation attending the International NGO Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas proposed renaming Columbus Day "Indigenous Peoples' Day." They believed that the modification would honour the victims of American colonisation. The resolution was approved by a large majority.
E Berkeley, California, was the first US city to implement the change in 1992, followed by Santa Cruz, California, in 1994. However, the notion began to gain significant traction around 2014. That year, the holiday was renamed in Minneapolis, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Seattle, WA. Over 100 communities and entire states, including Alaska and Oregon, have declared Indigenous Peoples' Day since then.
F In 2020, Colorado substituted Cabrini Day for Columbus Day in honour of Frances Xavier Cabrini. The Italian-American Roman Catholic nun helped create over 67 schools, hospitals, and orphanages in South and Central America and the United States. Arizona chose to observe both Indigenous Peoples Day and Columbus Day on the second Monday of October in the same year.
G In Latin America, the push to change the name has also gained traction. Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, and Uruguay have all changed the name of Columbus Day to "Da de la Raza'' or "Day of the Race." The holiday honours the blended indigenous and European origins and culture of Latin America. "Da de la Resistencia Indgena," or "Day of the Indigenous Resistance," commemorates the historical and continuing struggles of the indigenous community in Venezuela and Nicaragua.
H However, not everyone believes that a name change is necessary. For Italian Americans, October's Italian Heritage Month is centred on the celebration of Columbus Day. They say that the event celebrates the history of immigration rather than the explorer. Therefore, they believe that the name should be kept or altered to something more fitting, such as Italian Heritage Day.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Columbus Day Debate

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions a plan of renaming it from “Columbus Day” to a name that would honour the victims of American colonisation?

A The second Monday of October has historically been celebrated as Columbus Day to commemorate the Italian explorer's "discovery" of the Americas on October 12, 1492. However, the federal holiday, which will be observed on October 11 this year, has long been controversial due to the harsh treatment of Native Americans by European settlers.
B Furthermore, historians contend that Christopher Columbus was not the first to discover the continent. The indigenous people had inhabited the Americas for centuries before his arrival. In addition, he was not the first European to arrive in North America. This distinction belongs to a group of Vikings commanded by Leif Eriksson who settled Greenland in 980 AD.
C Oregon, Iowa, and Nebraska, among others, have never celebrated Columbus Day. In honour of the state's Polynesian forefathers, Hawaii renamed it "Discoverers' Day" in 1971, while South Dakota called it "Native American Day" in 1990. As public knowledge of the topic grew, many colleges and institutions in the United States ceased to observe the holiday.
D The shift in feeling was positive, but many individuals have remained opposed to the fact that Columbus Day is a government holiday. In 1977, a Native American delegation attending the International NGO Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas proposed renaming Columbus Day "Indigenous Peoples' Day." They believed that the modification would honour the victims of American colonisation. The resolution was approved by a large majority.
E Berkeley, California, was the first US city to implement the change in 1992, followed by Santa Cruz, California, in 1994. However, the notion began to gain significant traction around 2014. That year, the holiday was renamed in Minneapolis, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Seattle, WA. Over 100 communities and entire states, including Alaska and Oregon, have declared Indigenous Peoples' Day since then.
F In 2020, Colorado substituted Cabrini Day for Columbus Day in honour of Frances Xavier Cabrini. The Italian-American Roman Catholic nun helped create over 67 schools, hospitals, and orphanages in South and Central America and the United States. Arizona chose to observe both Indigenous Peoples Day and Columbus Day on the second Monday of October in the same year.
G In Latin America, the push to change the name has also gained traction. Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, and Uruguay have all changed the name of Columbus Day to "Da de la Raza'' or "Day of the Race." The holiday honours the blended indigenous and European origins and culture of Latin America. "Da de la Resistencia Indgena," or "Day of the Indigenous Resistance," commemorates the historical and continuing struggles of the indigenous community in Venezuela and Nicaragua.
H However, not everyone believes that a name change is necessary. For Italian Americans, October's Italian Heritage Month is centred on the celebration of Columbus Day. They say that the event celebrates the history of immigration rather than the explorer. Therefore, they believe that the name should be kept or altered to something more fitting, such as Italian Heritage Day.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Columbus Day Debate

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions the historians claim that Columbus wasn’t the first European to arrive in North America?

A The second Monday of October has historically been celebrated as Columbus Day to commemorate the Italian explorer's "discovery" of the Americas on October 12, 1492. However, the federal holiday, which will be observed on October 11 this year, has long been controversial due to the harsh treatment of Native Americans by European settlers.
B Furthermore, historians contend that Christopher Columbus was not the first to discover the continent. The indigenous people had inhabited the Americas for centuries before his arrival. In addition, he was not the first European to arrive in North America. This distinction belongs to a group of Vikings commanded by Leif Eriksson who settled Greenland in 980 AD.
C Oregon, Iowa, and Nebraska, among others, have never celebrated Columbus Day. In honour of the state's Polynesian forefathers, Hawaii renamed it "Discoverers' Day" in 1971, while South Dakota called it "Native American Day" in 1990. As public knowledge of the topic grew, many colleges and institutions in the United States ceased to observe the holiday.
D The shift in feeling was positive, but many individuals have remained opposed to the fact that Columbus Day is a government holiday. In 1977, a Native American delegation attending the International NGO Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas proposed renaming Columbus Day "Indigenous Peoples' Day." They believed that the modification would honour the victims of American colonisation. The resolution was approved by a large majority.
E Berkeley, California, was the first US city to implement the change in 1992, followed by Santa Cruz, California, in 1994. However, the notion began to gain significant traction around 2014. That year, the holiday was renamed in Minneapolis, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Seattle, WA. Over 100 communities and entire states, including Alaska and Oregon, have declared Indigenous Peoples' Day since then.
F In 2020, Colorado substituted Cabrini Day for Columbus Day in honour of Frances Xavier Cabrini. The Italian-American Roman Catholic nun helped create over 67 schools, hospitals, and orphanages in South and Central America and the United States. Arizona chose to observe both Indigenous Peoples Day and Columbus Day on the second Monday of October in the same year.
G In Latin America, the push to change the name has also gained traction. Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, and Uruguay have all changed the name of Columbus Day to "Da de la Raza'' or "Day of the Race." The holiday honours the blended indigenous and European origins and culture of Latin America. "Da de la Resistencia Indgena," or "Day of the Indigenous Resistance," commemorates the historical and continuing struggles of the indigenous community in Venezuela and Nicaragua.
H However, not everyone believes that a name change is necessary. For Italian Americans, October's Italian Heritage Month is centred on the celebration of Columbus Day. They say that the event celebrates the history of immigration rather than the explorer. Therefore, they believe that the name should be kept or altered to something more fitting, such as Italian Heritage Day.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Columbus Day Debate

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions that the celebration of Columbus Day has been controversial for so long because of the harsh treatment of Native Americans by European settlers?

A The second Monday of October has historically been celebrated as Columbus Day to commemorate the Italian explorer's "discovery" of the Americas on October 12, 1492. However, the federal holiday, which will be observed on October 11 this year, has long been controversial due to the harsh treatment of Native Americans by European settlers.
B Furthermore, historians contend that Christopher Columbus was not the first to discover the continent. The indigenous people had inhabited the Americas for centuries before his arrival. In addition, he was not the first European to arrive in North America. This distinction belongs to a group of Vikings commanded by Leif Eriksson who settled Greenland in 980 AD.
C Oregon, Iowa, and Nebraska, among others, have never celebrated Columbus Day. In honour of the state's Polynesian forefathers, Hawaii renamed it "Discoverers' Day" in 1971, while South Dakota called it "Native American Day" in 1990. As public knowledge of the topic grew, many colleges and institutions in the United States ceased to observe the holiday.
D The shift in feeling was positive, but many individuals have remained opposed to the fact that Columbus Day is a government holiday. In 1977, a Native American delegation attending the International NGO Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas proposed renaming Columbus Day "Indigenous Peoples' Day." They believed that the modification would honour the victims of American colonisation. The resolution was approved by a large majority.
E Berkeley, California, was the first US city to implement the change in 1992, followed by Santa Cruz, California, in 1994. However, the notion began to gain significant traction around 2014. That year, the holiday was renamed in Minneapolis, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Seattle, WA. Over 100 communities and entire states, including Alaska and Oregon, have declared Indigenous Peoples' Day since then.
F In 2020, Colorado substituted Cabrini Day for Columbus Day in honour of Frances Xavier Cabrini. The Italian-American Roman Catholic nun helped create over 67 schools, hospitals, and orphanages in South and Central America and the United States. Arizona chose to observe both Indigenous Peoples Day and Columbus Day on the second Monday of October in the same year.
G In Latin America, the push to change the name has also gained traction. Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, and Uruguay have all changed the name of Columbus Day to "Da de la Raza'' or "Day of the Race." The holiday honours the blended indigenous and European origins and culture of Latin America. "Da de la Resistencia Indgena," or "Day of the Indigenous Resistance," commemorates the historical and continuing struggles of the indigenous community in Venezuela and Nicaragua.
H However, not everyone believes that a name change is necessary. For Italian Americans, October's Italian Heritage Month is centred on the celebration of Columbus Day. They say that the event celebrates the history of immigration rather than the explorer. Therefore, they believe that the name should be kept or altered to something more fitting, such as Italian Heritage Day.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Columbus Day Debate

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions that numerous people continue to criticise the fact that Columbus Day is a federal holiday?

A The second Monday of October has historically been celebrated as Columbus Day to commemorate the Italian explorer's "discovery" of the Americas on October 12, 1492. However, the federal holiday, which will be observed on October 11 this year, has long been controversial due to the harsh treatment of Native Americans by European settlers.
B Furthermore, historians contend that Christopher Columbus was not the first to discover the continent. The indigenous people had inhabited the Americas for centuries before his arrival. In addition, he was not the first European to arrive in North America. This distinction belongs to a group of Vikings commanded by Leif Eriksson who settled Greenland in 980 AD.
C Oregon, Iowa, and Nebraska, among others, have never celebrated Columbus Day. In honour of the state's Polynesian forefathers, Hawaii renamed it "Discoverers' Day" in 1971, while South Dakota called it "Native American Day" in 1990. As public knowledge of the topic grew, many colleges and institutions in the United States ceased to observe the holiday.
D The shift in feeling was positive, but many individuals have remained opposed to the fact that Columbus Day is a government holiday. In 1977, a Native American delegation attending the International NGO Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas proposed renaming Columbus Day "Indigenous Peoples' Day." They believed that the modification would honour the victims of American colonisation. The resolution was approved by a large majority.
E Berkeley, California, was the first US city to implement the change in 1992, followed by Santa Cruz, California, in 1994. However, the notion began to gain significant traction around 2014. That year, the holiday was renamed in Minneapolis, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Seattle, WA. Over 100 communities and entire states, including Alaska and Oregon, have declared Indigenous Peoples' Day since then.
F In 2020, Colorado substituted Cabrini Day for Columbus Day in honour of Frances Xavier Cabrini. The Italian-American Roman Catholic nun helped create over 67 schools, hospitals, and orphanages in South and Central America and the United States. Arizona chose to observe both Indigenous Peoples Day and Columbus Day on the second Monday of October in the same year.
G In Latin America, the push to change the name has also gained traction. Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, and Uruguay have all changed the name of Columbus Day to "Da de la Raza'' or "Day of the Race." The holiday honours the blended indigenous and European origins and culture of Latin America. "Da de la Resistencia Indgena," or "Day of the Indigenous Resistance," commemorates the historical and continuing struggles of the indigenous community in Venezuela and Nicaragua.
H However, not everyone believes that a name change is necessary. For Italian Americans, October's Italian Heritage Month is centred on the celebration of Columbus Day. They say that the event celebrates the history of immigration rather than the explorer. Therefore, they believe that the name should be kept or altered to something more fitting, such as Italian Heritage Day.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Columbus Day Debate

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions other states and their other names for the holiday?

A The second Monday of October has historically been celebrated as Columbus Day to commemorate the Italian explorer's "discovery" of the Americas on October 12, 1492. However, the federal holiday, which will be observed on October 11 this year, has long been controversial due to the harsh treatment of Native Americans by European settlers.
B Furthermore, historians contend that Christopher Columbus was not the first to discover the continent. The indigenous people had inhabited the Americas for centuries before his arrival. In addition, he was not the first European to arrive in North America. This distinction belongs to a group of Vikings commanded by Leif Eriksson who settled Greenland in 980 AD.
C Oregon, Iowa, and Nebraska, among others, have never celebrated Columbus Day. In honour of the state's Polynesian forefathers, Hawaii renamed it "Discoverers' Day" in 1971, while South Dakota called it "Native American Day" in 1990. As public knowledge of the topic grew, many colleges and institutions in the United States ceased to observe the holiday.
D The shift in feeling was positive, but many individuals have remained opposed to the fact that Columbus Day is a government holiday. In 1977, a Native American delegation attending the International NGO Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas proposed renaming Columbus Day "Indigenous Peoples' Day." They believed that the modification would honour the victims of American colonisation. The resolution was approved by a large majority.
E Berkeley, California, was the first US city to implement the change in 1992, followed by Santa Cruz, California, in 1994. However, the notion began to gain significant traction around 2014. That year, the holiday was renamed in Minneapolis, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Seattle, WA. Over 100 communities and entire states, including Alaska and Oregon, have declared Indigenous Peoples' Day since then.
F In 2020, Colorado substituted Cabrini Day for Columbus Day in honour of Frances Xavier Cabrini. The Italian-American Roman Catholic nun helped create over 67 schools, hospitals, and orphanages in South and Central America and the United States. Arizona chose to observe both Indigenous Peoples Day and Columbus Day on the second Monday of October in the same year.
G In Latin America, the push to change the name has also gained traction. Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, and Uruguay have all changed the name of Columbus Day to "Da de la Raza'' or "Day of the Race." The holiday honours the blended indigenous and European origins and culture of Latin America. "Da de la Resistencia Indgena," or "Day of the Indigenous Resistance," commemorates the historical and continuing struggles of the indigenous community in Venezuela and Nicaragua.
H However, not everyone believes that a name change is necessary. For Italian Americans, October's Italian Heritage Month is centred on the celebration of Columbus Day. They say that the event celebrates the history of immigration rather than the explorer. Therefore, they believe that the name should be kept or altered to something more fitting, such as Italian Heritage Day.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

The Columbus Day Debate

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions the enumeration of places in Latin America that changed the name of the holiday?

A The second Monday of October has historically been celebrated as Columbus Day to commemorate the Italian explorer's "discovery" of the Americas on October 12, 1492. However, the federal holiday, which will be observed on October 11 this year, has long been controversial due to the harsh treatment of Native Americans by European settlers.
B Furthermore, historians contend that Christopher Columbus was not the first to discover the continent. The indigenous people had inhabited the Americas for centuries before his arrival. In addition, he was not the first European to arrive in North America. This distinction belongs to a group of Vikings commanded by Leif Eriksson who settled Greenland in 980 AD.
C Oregon, Iowa, and Nebraska, among others, have never celebrated Columbus Day. In honour of the state's Polynesian forefathers, Hawaii renamed it "Discoverers' Day" in 1971, while South Dakota called it "Native American Day" in 1990. As public knowledge of the topic grew, many colleges and institutions in the United States ceased to observe the holiday.
D The shift in feeling was positive, but many individuals have remained opposed to the fact that Columbus Day is a government holiday. In 1977, a Native American delegation attending the International NGO Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas proposed renaming Columbus Day "Indigenous Peoples' Day." They believed that the modification would honour the victims of American colonisation. The resolution was approved by a large majority.
E Berkeley, California, was the first US city to implement the change in 1992, followed by Santa Cruz, California, in 1994. However, the notion began to gain significant traction around 2014. That year, the holiday was renamed in Minneapolis, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Seattle, WA. Over 100 communities and entire states, including Alaska and Oregon, have declared Indigenous Peoples' Day since then.
F In 2020, Colorado substituted Cabrini Day for Columbus Day in honour of Frances Xavier Cabrini. The Italian-American Roman Catholic nun helped create over 67 schools, hospitals, and orphanages in South and Central America and the United States. Arizona chose to observe both Indigenous Peoples Day and Columbus Day on the second Monday of October in the same year.
G In Latin America, the push to change the name has also gained traction. Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, and Uruguay have all changed the name of Columbus Day to "Da de la Raza'' or "Day of the Race." The holiday honours the blended indigenous and European origins and culture of Latin America. "Da de la Resistencia Indgena," or "Day of the Indigenous Resistance," commemorates the historical and continuing struggles of the indigenous community in Venezuela and Nicaragua.
H However, not everyone believes that a name change is necessary. For Italian Americans, October's Italian Heritage Month is centred on the celebration of Columbus Day. They say that the event celebrates the history of immigration rather than the explorer. Therefore, they believe that the name should be kept or altered to something more fitting, such as Italian Heritage Day.

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Could Our Earth Be Causing the Moon to Rust?

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions Freeman’s initial belief that the iron-rich rocks should not exist grounded on the circumstances existing on the moon?

A Researchers have known for a long time that rust, or hematite, exists on Mars as a result of the chemical reaction between the iron ore on the planet's surface and ancient water and oxygen. However, they had never anticipated discovering the reddish-brown iron oxide on the Moon, considering that our satellite lacks two of the three essential components — water and oxygen. Now, a new study based on recent data from India's Chandrayaan-1 Moon-orbiting satellite reveals that the Moon is exhibiting signs of rust and that Earth may be to blame.
B Given that the Moon is regularly assaulted by solar winds, which are composed primarily of charged hydrogen particles, from the Sun's corona, the discovery of the rust is even more astounding. Hydrogen is a reducing agent, which means it "donates" electrons to the substances with which it interacts. For iron to rust, however, an oxidant that removes electrons, such as oxygen, must be present. While Earth is exposed to solar radiation, a magnetic barrier deflects the vast majority of solar particles before they reach the atmosphere.
C While analysing data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, the researcher discovered rust. When Li examined the polar regions of the Moon more attentively, he discovered that its iron-rich rocks showed spectral signals that resembled hematite. Li shared the findings with Abigail Fraeman and Vivian Sun from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory to corroborate his hunch (JPL).
D Fraeman stated, "Initially, I didn't believe it at all." "Based on the conditions present on the Moon, it should not exist. Since the discovery of water on the Moon, however, people have speculated that if this water had interacted with rocks, there could be a broader variety of minerals than we currently recognise."
E Further examination of the Moon's poles revealed that hematite was predominantly found on the side facing Earth, leading scientists to think that it may be connected to our planet. 25 percent of the lunar surface is sheltered by the Earth's magnetic field during the six-day full moon phase, when the satellite lies between the Earth and the Sun, according to the previous study. The researchers hypothesise that during this time, traces of oxygen from Earth may be transmitted to the Moon via a "magnetotail," an elongated extension of the planet's magnetic field. In addition to shielding the Moon's surface from 99 percent of solar winds, the magnetotail forms a temporary veil that permits rust to accumulate.
F Li stated, "Our idea is that lunar hematite is generated by the oxidation of lunar surface iron by oxygen from the Earth's upper atmosphere, which has been continually blasted to the lunar surface by solar winds when the Moon is in Earth's magnetotail during the past several billion years."
G After explaining the likely source of oxygen, the researchers shifted their focus to the next critical component for hematite formation: water. Even while there is evidence of frozen water in the craters on the far side of the Moon, it is nowhere near where rust has been discovered. Therefore, scientists speculate that the meteoroids that regularly collide with the Moon could be carrying water molecules or releasing water molecules from the surface layer of the Moon. "It's possible that water droplets and dust particles are causing the iron in these bodies to corrode," Fraeman added.
H The researchers still have no explanation for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the Moon, where oxygen from Earth cannot reach. Additionally, they must comprehend how the water on the Moon interacts with the lunar rock. NASA is constructing a new version of the device that collected all this previous data about the satellite's mineral composition in order to address these and other riddles. NASA stated in a press release that the instrument will also map water ice on the Moon's craters and "may also disclose new data about hematite."

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Could Our Earth Be Causing the Moon to Rust?

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions that the researchers shifted their attention to water, which is the subsequent crucial element for hematite formation?

A Researchers have known for a long time that rust, or hematite, exists on Mars as a result of the chemical reaction between the iron ore on the planet's surface and ancient water and oxygen. However, they had never anticipated discovering the reddish-brown iron oxide on the Moon, considering that our satellite lacks two of the three essential components — water and oxygen. Now, a new study based on recent data from India's Chandrayaan-1 Moon-orbiting satellite reveals that the Moon is exhibiting signs of rust and that Earth may be to blame.
B Given that the Moon is regularly assaulted by solar winds, which are composed primarily of charged hydrogen particles, from the Sun's corona, the discovery of the rust is even more astounding. Hydrogen is a reducing agent, which means it "donates" electrons to the substances with which it interacts. For iron to rust, however, an oxidant that removes electrons, such as oxygen, must be present. While Earth is exposed to solar radiation, a magnetic barrier deflects the vast majority of solar particles before they reach the atmosphere.
C While analysing data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, the researcher discovered rust. When Li examined the polar regions of the Moon more attentively, he discovered that its iron-rich rocks showed spectral signals that resembled hematite. Li shared the findings with Abigail Fraeman and Vivian Sun from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory to corroborate his hunch (JPL).
D Fraeman stated, "Initially, I didn't believe it at all." "Based on the conditions present on the Moon, it should not exist. Since the discovery of water on the Moon, however, people have speculated that if this water had interacted with rocks, there could be a broader variety of minerals than we currently recognise."
E Further examination of the Moon's poles revealed that hematite was predominantly found on the side facing Earth, leading scientists to think that it may be connected to our planet. 25 percent of the lunar surface is sheltered by the Earth's magnetic field during the six-day full moon phase, when the satellite lies between the Earth and the Sun, according to the previous study. The researchers hypothesise that during this time, traces of oxygen from Earth may be transmitted to the Moon via a "magnetotail," an elongated extension of the planet's magnetic field. In addition to shielding the Moon's surface from 99 percent of solar winds, the magnetotail forms a temporary veil that permits rust to accumulate.
F Li stated, "Our idea is that lunar hematite is generated by the oxidation of lunar surface iron by oxygen from the Earth's upper atmosphere, which has been continually blasted to the lunar surface by solar winds when the Moon is in Earth's magnetotail during the past several billion years."
G After explaining the likely source of oxygen, the researchers shifted their focus to the next critical component for hematite formation: water. Even while there is evidence of frozen water in the craters on the far side of the Moon, it is nowhere near where rust has been discovered. Therefore, scientists speculate that the meteoroids that regularly collide with the Moon could be carrying water molecules or releasing water molecules from the surface layer of the Moon. "It's possible that water droplets and dust particles are causing the iron in these bodies to corrode," Fraeman added.
H The researchers still have no explanation for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the Moon, where oxygen from Earth cannot reach. Additionally, they must comprehend how the water on the Moon interacts with the lunar rock. NASA is constructing a new version of the device that collected all this previous data about the satellite's mineral composition in order to address these and other riddles. NASA stated in a press release that the instrument will also map water ice on the Moon's craters and "may also disclose new data about hematite."

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Could Our Earth Be Causing the Moon to Rust?

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions that our satellite lacks water and oxygen which are two of the three essential components of a satellite?

A Researchers have known for a long time that rust, or hematite, exists on Mars as a result of the chemical reaction between the iron ore on the planet's surface and ancient water and oxygen. However, they had never anticipated discovering the reddish-brown iron oxide on the Moon, considering that our satellite lacks two of the three essential components — water and oxygen. Now, a new study based on recent data from India's Chandrayaan-1 Moon-orbiting satellite reveals that the Moon is exhibiting signs of rust and that Earth may be to blame.
B Given that the Moon is regularly assaulted by solar winds, which are composed primarily of charged hydrogen particles, from the Sun's corona, the discovery of the rust is even more astounding. Hydrogen is a reducing agent, which means it "donates" electrons to the substances with which it interacts. For iron to rust, however, an oxidant that removes electrons, such as oxygen, must be present. While Earth is exposed to solar radiation, a magnetic barrier deflects the vast majority of solar particles before they reach the atmosphere.
C While analysing data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, the researcher discovered rust. When Li examined the polar regions of the Moon more attentively, he discovered that its iron-rich rocks showed spectral signals that resembled hematite. Li shared the findings with Abigail Fraeman and Vivian Sun from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory to corroborate his hunch (JPL).
D Fraeman stated, "Initially, I didn't believe it at all." "Based on the conditions present on the Moon, it should not exist. Since the discovery of water on the Moon, however, people have speculated that if this water had interacted with rocks, there could be a broader variety of minerals than we currently recognise."
E Further examination of the Moon's poles revealed that hematite was predominantly found on the side facing Earth, leading scientists to think that it may be connected to our planet. 25 percent of the lunar surface is sheltered by the Earth's magnetic field during the six-day full moon phase, when the satellite lies between the Earth and the Sun, according to the previous study. The researchers hypothesise that during this time, traces of oxygen from Earth may be transmitted to the Moon via a "magnetotail," an elongated extension of the planet's magnetic field. In addition to shielding the Moon's surface from 99 percent of solar winds, the magnetotail forms a temporary veil that permits rust to accumulate.
F Li stated, "Our idea is that lunar hematite is generated by the oxidation of lunar surface iron by oxygen from the Earth's upper atmosphere, which has been continually blasted to the lunar surface by solar winds when the Moon is in Earth's magnetotail during the past several billion years."
G After explaining the likely source of oxygen, the researchers shifted their focus to the next critical component for hematite formation: water. Even while there is evidence of frozen water in the craters on the far side of the Moon, it is nowhere near where rust has been discovered. Therefore, scientists speculate that the meteoroids that regularly collide with the Moon could be carrying water molecules or releasing water molecules from the surface layer of the Moon. "It's possible that water droplets and dust particles are causing the iron in these bodies to corrode," Fraeman added.
H The researchers still have no explanation for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the Moon, where oxygen from Earth cannot reach. Additionally, they must comprehend how the water on the Moon interacts with the lunar rock. NASA is constructing a new version of the device that collected all this previous data about the satellite's mineral composition in order to address these and other riddles. NASA stated in a press release that the instrument will also map water ice on the Moon's craters and "may also disclose new data about hematite."

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Could Our Earth Be Causing the Moon to Rust?

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions needing the presence of an oxidant that will help iron to rust?

A Researchers have known for a long time that rust, or hematite, exists on Mars as a result of the chemical reaction between the iron ore on the planet's surface and ancient water and oxygen. However, they had never anticipated discovering the reddish-brown iron oxide on the Moon, considering that our satellite lacks two of the three essential components — water and oxygen. Now, a new study based on recent data from India's Chandrayaan-1 Moon-orbiting satellite reveals that the Moon is exhibiting signs of rust and that Earth may be to blame.
B Given that the Moon is regularly assaulted by solar winds, which are composed primarily of charged hydrogen particles, from the Sun's corona, the discovery of the rust is even more astounding. Hydrogen is a reducing agent, which means it "donates" electrons to the substances with which it interacts. For iron to rust, however, an oxidant that removes electrons, such as oxygen, must be present. While Earth is exposed to solar radiation, a magnetic barrier deflects the vast majority of solar particles before they reach the atmosphere.
C While analysing data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, the researcher discovered rust. When Li examined the polar regions of the Moon more attentively, he discovered that its iron-rich rocks showed spectral signals that resembled hematite. Li shared the findings with Abigail Fraeman and Vivian Sun from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory to corroborate his hunch (JPL).
D Fraeman stated, "Initially, I didn't believe it at all." "Based on the conditions present on the Moon, it should not exist. Since the discovery of water on the Moon, however, people have speculated that if this water had interacted with rocks, there could be a broader variety of minerals than we currently recognise."
E Further examination of the Moon's poles revealed that hematite was predominantly found on the side facing Earth, leading scientists to think that it may be connected to our planet. 25 percent of the lunar surface is sheltered by the Earth's magnetic field during the six-day full moon phase, when the satellite lies between the Earth and the Sun, according to the previous study. The researchers hypothesise that during this time, traces of oxygen from Earth may be transmitted to the Moon via a "magnetotail," an elongated extension of the planet's magnetic field. In addition to shielding the Moon's surface from 99 percent of solar winds, the magnetotail forms a temporary veil that permits rust to accumulate.
F Li stated, "Our idea is that lunar hematite is generated by the oxidation of lunar surface iron by oxygen from the Earth's upper atmosphere, which has been continually blasted to the lunar surface by solar winds when the Moon is in Earth's magnetotail during the past several billion years."
G After explaining the likely source of oxygen, the researchers shifted their focus to the next critical component for hematite formation: water. Even while there is evidence of frozen water in the craters on the far side of the Moon, it is nowhere near where rust has been discovered. Therefore, scientists speculate that the meteoroids that regularly collide with the Moon could be carrying water molecules or releasing water molecules from the surface layer of the Moon. "It's possible that water droplets and dust particles are causing the iron in these bodies to corrode," Fraeman added.
H The researchers still have no explanation for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the Moon, where oxygen from Earth cannot reach. Additionally, they must comprehend how the water on the Moon interacts with the lunar rock. NASA is constructing a new version of the device that collected all this previous data about the satellite's mineral composition in order to address these and other riddles. NASA stated in a press release that the instrument will also map water ice on the Moon's craters and "may also disclose new data about hematite."

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Could Our Earth Be Causing the Moon to Rust?

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions that the researchers still have no account for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the moon where oxygen from Earth cannot reach?

A Researchers have known for a long time that rust, or hematite, exists on Mars as a result of the chemical reaction between the iron ore on the planet's surface and ancient water and oxygen. However, they had never anticipated discovering the reddish-brown iron oxide on the Moon, considering that our satellite lacks two of the three essential components — water and oxygen. Now, a new study based on recent data from India's Chandrayaan-1 Moon-orbiting satellite reveals that the Moon is exhibiting signs of rust and that Earth may be to blame.
B Given that the Moon is regularly assaulted by solar winds, which are composed primarily of charged hydrogen particles, from the Sun's corona, the discovery of the rust is even more astounding. Hydrogen is a reducing agent, which means it "donates" electrons to the substances with which it interacts. For iron to rust, however, an oxidant that removes electrons, such as oxygen, must be present. While Earth is exposed to solar radiation, a magnetic barrier deflects the vast majority of solar particles before they reach the atmosphere.
C While analysing data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, the researcher discovered rust. When Li examined the polar regions of the Moon more attentively, he discovered that its iron-rich rocks showed spectral signals that resembled hematite. Li shared the findings with Abigail Fraeman and Vivian Sun from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory to corroborate his hunch (JPL).
D Fraeman stated, "Initially, I didn't believe it at all." "Based on the conditions present on the Moon, it should not exist. Since the discovery of water on the Moon, however, people have speculated that if this water had interacted with rocks, there could be a broader variety of minerals than we currently recognise."
E Further examination of the Moon's poles revealed that hematite was predominantly found on the side facing Earth, leading scientists to think that it may be connected to our planet. 25 percent of the lunar surface is sheltered by the Earth's magnetic field during the six-day full moon phase, when the satellite lies between the Earth and the Sun, according to the previous study. The researchers hypothesise that during this time, traces of oxygen from Earth may be transmitted to the Moon via a "magnetotail," an elongated extension of the planet's magnetic field. In addition to shielding the Moon's surface from 99 percent of solar winds, the magnetotail forms a temporary veil that permits rust to accumulate.
F Li stated, "Our idea is that lunar hematite is generated by the oxidation of lunar surface iron by oxygen from the Earth's upper atmosphere, which has been continually blasted to the lunar surface by solar winds when the Moon is in Earth's magnetotail during the past several billion years."
G After explaining the likely source of oxygen, the researchers shifted their focus to the next critical component for hematite formation: water. Even while there is evidence of frozen water in the craters on the far side of the Moon, it is nowhere near where rust has been discovered. Therefore, scientists speculate that the meteoroids that regularly collide with the Moon could be carrying water molecules or releasing water molecules from the surface layer of the Moon. "It's possible that water droplets and dust particles are causing the iron in these bodies to corrode," Fraeman added.
H The researchers still have no explanation for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the Moon, where oxygen from Earth cannot reach. Additionally, they must comprehend how the water on the Moon interacts with the lunar rock. NASA is constructing a new version of the device that collected all this previous data about the satellite's mineral composition in order to address these and other riddles. NASA stated in a press release that the instrument will also map water ice on the Moon's craters and "may also disclose new data about hematite."
H The researchers still have no explanation for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the Moon, where oxygen from Earth cannot reach. Additionally, they must comprehend how the water on the Moon interacts with the lunar rock. NASA is constructing a new version of the device that collected all this previous data about the satellite's mineral composition in order to address these and other riddles. NASA stated in a press release that the instrument will also map water ice on the Moon's craters and "may also disclose new data about hematite."

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Could Our Earth Be Causing the Moon to Rust?

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions how a researcher found certain rocks on the moon that are rich in iron and resembled hematite?

A Researchers have known for a long time that rust, or hematite, exists on Mars as a result of the chemical reaction between the iron ore on the planet's surface and ancient water and oxygen. However, they had never anticipated discovering the reddish-brown iron oxide on the Moon, considering that our satellite lacks two of the three essential components — water and oxygen. Now, a new study based on recent data from India's Chandrayaan-1 Moon-orbiting satellite reveals that the Moon is exhibiting signs of rust and that Earth may be to blame.
B Given that the Moon is regularly assaulted by solar winds, which are composed primarily of charged hydrogen particles, from the Sun's corona, the discovery of the rust is even more astounding. Hydrogen is a reducing agent, which means it "donates" electrons to the substances with which it interacts. For iron to rust, however, an oxidant that removes electrons, such as oxygen, must be present. While Earth is exposed to solar radiation, a magnetic barrier deflects the vast majority of solar particles before they reach the atmosphere.
C While analysing data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, the researcher discovered rust. When Li examined the polar regions of the Moon more attentively, he discovered that its iron-rich rocks showed spectral signals that resembled hematite. Li shared the findings with Abigail Fraeman and Vivian Sun from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory to corroborate his hunch (JPL).
D Fraeman stated, "Initially, I didn't believe it at all." "Based on the conditions present on the Moon, it should not exist. Since the discovery of water on the Moon, however, people have speculated that if this water had interacted with rocks, there could be a broader variety of minerals than we currently recognise."
E Further examination of the Moon's poles revealed that hematite was predominantly found on the side facing Earth, leading scientists to think that it may be connected to our planet. 25 percent of the lunar surface is sheltered by the Earth's magnetic field during the six-day full moon phase, when the satellite lies between the Earth and the Sun, according to the previous study. The researchers hypothesise that during this time, traces of oxygen from Earth may be transmitted to the Moon via a "magnetotail," an elongated extension of the planet's magnetic field. In addition to shielding the Moon's surface from 99 percent of solar winds, the magnetotail forms a temporary veil that permits rust to accumulate.
F Li stated, "Our idea is that lunar hematite is generated by the oxidation of lunar surface iron by oxygen from the Earth's upper atmosphere, which has been continually blasted to the lunar surface by solar winds when the Moon is in Earth's magnetotail during the past several billion years."
G After explaining the likely source of oxygen, the researchers shifted their focus to the next critical component for hematite formation: water. Even while there is evidence of frozen water in the craters on the far side of the Moon, it is nowhere near where rust has been discovered. Therefore, scientists speculate that the meteoroids that regularly collide with the Moon could be carrying water molecules or releasing water molecules from the surface layer of the Moon. "It's possible that water droplets and dust particles are causing the iron in these bodies to corrode," Fraeman added.
H The researchers still have no explanation for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the Moon, where oxygen from Earth cannot reach. Additionally, they must comprehend how the water on the Moon interacts with the lunar rock. NASA is constructing a new version of the device that collected all this previous data about the satellite's mineral composition in order to address these and other riddles. NASA stated in a press release that the instrument will also map water ice on the Moon's craters and "may also disclose new data about hematite."

Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.

Could Our Earth Be Causing the Moon to Rust?

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.

Which paragraph mentions how researchers never anticipated discovering the reddish-brown iron oxide on the moon?

A Researchers have known for a long time that rust, or hematite, exists on Mars as a result of the chemical reaction between the iron ore on the planet's surface and ancient water and oxygen. However, they had never anticipated discovering the reddish-brown iron oxide on the Moon, considering that our satellite lacks two of the three essential components — water and oxygen. Now, a new study based on recent data from India's Chandrayaan-1 Moon-orbiting satellite reveals that the Moon is exhibiting signs of rust and that Earth may be to blame.
B Given that the Moon is regularly assaulted by solar winds, which are composed primarily of charged hydrogen particles, from the Sun's corona, the discovery of the rust is even more astounding. Hydrogen is a reducing agent, which means it "donates" electrons to the substances with which it interacts. For iron to rust, however, an oxidant that removes electrons, such as oxygen, must be present. While Earth is exposed to solar radiation, a magnetic barrier deflects the vast majority of solar particles before they reach the atmosphere.
C While analysing data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument aboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, the researcher discovered rust. When Li examined the polar regions of the Moon more attentively, he discovered that its iron-rich rocks showed spectral signals that resembled hematite. Li shared the findings with Abigail Fraeman and Vivian Sun from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory to corroborate his hunch (JPL).
D Fraeman stated, "Initially, I didn't believe it at all." "Based on the conditions present on the Moon, it should not exist. Since the discovery of water on the Moon, however, people have speculated that if this water had interacted with rocks, there could be a broader variety of minerals than we currently recognise."
E Further examination of the Moon's poles revealed that hematite was predominantly found on the side facing Earth, leading scientists to think that it may be connected to our planet. 25 percent of the lunar surface is sheltered by the Earth's magnetic field during the six-day full moon phase, when the satellite lies between the Earth and the Sun, according to the previous study. The researchers hypothesise that during this time, traces of oxygen from Earth may be transmitted to the Moon via a "magnetotail," an elongated extension of the planet's magnetic field. In addition to shielding the Moon's surface from 99 percent of solar winds, the magnetotail forms a temporary veil that permits rust to accumulate.
F Li stated, "Our idea is that lunar hematite is generated by the oxidation of lunar surface iron by oxygen from the Earth's upper atmosphere, which has been continually blasted to the lunar surface by solar winds when the Moon is in Earth's magnetotail during the past several billion years."
G After explaining the likely source of oxygen, the researchers shifted their focus to the next critical component for hematite formation: water. Even while there is evidence of frozen water in the craters on the far side of the Moon, it is nowhere near where rust has been discovered. Therefore, scientists speculate that the meteoroids that regularly collide with the Moon could be carrying water molecules or releasing water molecules from the surface layer of the Moon. "It's possible that water droplets and dust particles are causing the iron in these bodies to corrode," Fraeman added.
H The researchers still have no explanation for the occurrence of rust on the far side of the Moon, where oxygen from Earth cannot reach. Additionally, they must comprehend how the water on the Moon interacts with the lunar rock. NASA is constructing a new version of the device that collected all this previous data about the satellite's mineral composition in order to address these and other riddles. NASA stated in a press release that the instrument will also map water ice on the Moon's craters and "may also disclose new data about hematite."

Pos.	Name	Entered on	Points	Result
Table is loading
No data available

Week 7 English Homework

Quiz Summary

Information

Results

Results

Categories

1. Question

2. Question

3. Question

4. Question

5. Question

6. Question

7. Question

8. Question

9. Question

10. Question

11. Question

12. Question

13. Question

14. Question

15. Question

16. Question

17. Question

18. Question

19. Question

20. Question

21. Question

22. Question

23. Question

24. Question

25. Question

26. Question

27. Question

28. Question

Contact us for program options and current deals.