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Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
Extract A: Crow Talk By Johnny Gruelle
“Caw, Caw, Caw,” one old crow cried as he faced the other two crows. “Caw?” asked the second old crow as he plumed his feathers and screwed his head around to get a better view of the little boy lying under the tree. “Caw-AAAAH! Ca—aaaaw!” replied the first crow.
“Those crows must be talking to each other!” Duckie Dorn thought to himself, as he lay upon his back under the big oak tree and watched the three crows. The third crow now cried, “Awww! Ca-ca-caw!” Duckie jumped up and ran down the hill to where Granny lived. It was a tiny little house, not much larger than a piano box, but it was plenty large enough for Granny, for Granny was only two feet high. Some people even thought Granny was a witch. Of course Duckie knew that Granny was not a witch, for Granny was very good and kind. So Duckie knocked at Granny’s tiny front door. “Come in!” Granny cried. “Good morning, Duckie!” she said, as Duckie crawled into the tiny living room.
When Duckie took a seat on a tiny sofa he did not know just how to ask Granny for what he wanted, so he twiddled his thumbs. “Why do you twiddle your thumbs, Duckie?” Granny asked as she smiled through her glasses at him. “I was wondering what the three crows were talking about!” Duckie replied. Granny went to her tiny cupboard and brought out a little bottle of purple fluid. She dropped three drops of this into a tiny spoon and held it to Duckie. “Am I to take it, Granny?” Duckie asked. “Yes, my dear, and you will be able to understand what the three crows are talking about.”
Duckie swallowed the purple fluid, for he was very anxious to return to the big oak tree and listen to the crows. Granny watched him for a few moments with her eyes full of twinkles, then she told him to run along to the tree. And Duckie thanked Granny and ran as fast as he could to the tree where the three crows were still talking.
“I know where there is a box filled with golden pennies!” the first crow cried. “Ah, my brother, where?” asked the second crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” replied the first crow. “I know where there is a box full of candy!” the third crow cried. “Ahhhh! Where is it, my brother?” asked the first crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first.” replied the third crow. “I know where there is a box full of ice cream!” cried the second crow. “Aha! My brother, where?” asked the third crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” Then the crows went on talking about other things, but Duckie did not hear them, for he was running in the direction of the great meadow as fast as he could. And when he came to the middle of the great meadow there was a large box, and in the large box were three other boxes. One contained the golden pennies, another the candy and the third was full of ice cream.
“I found it first!” Duckie cried and he took a pencil stub from his pocket and, with much twisting of mouth and thinking, he printed his name upon the box. Then Duckie ran home as fast as he could and told Daddy Dorn. Daddy Dorn hitched up Dobbin Dorn and Duckie and Daddy went to the middle of the great meadow and put the big box in the wagon and took it home. Then they called Mamma Dorn and they all ate some of the ice cream and candy. Then Duckie took some of the ice cream and candy and some of the golden pennies to Granny. Then Duckie ran back home and had some more ice cream and candy, and asked Daddy if he might take some of the golden pennies downtown and buy something, and Daddy Dorn said: “Of course, Duckie Dorn, for they are your golden pennies.” So Duckie took two handfuls of the golden pennies downtown and bought a fine little pony with a little round stomach, and he bought a pretty pony cart and harness. Then Dicky drove the pony back home.
By the time Duckie reached home he was hungry for more ice cream and candy, so he went to the box to get some. “Oh Mamma and Daddy!” he cried, “Come see! The box is full of candy and ice cream!” And sure enough, that was the case, for although they had eaten almost all of the ice cream and candy before now the two boxes were filled again. Then Daddy Dorn took two large handfuls of golden pennies from the golden penny box and they watched the box fill up with pennies again. “Whee!” cried Duckie Dorn. “Whee!” cried Mamma Dorn, and “Whee!” cried Daddy Dorn. “We will throw a party!” So Duckie drove around to everybody’s house in his pony cart and invited everybody to come to the party.
And they all had such a nice time they ate the ice cream box empty sixteen times and it filled right up again, and they ate the candy box empty seventeen times and it filled right up again, and Duckie and Mamma and Daddy Dorn gave everybody all the golden pennies they could carry home and emptied the penny box eighteen times, and whenever they emptied the golden penny box it filled right up again.
And everyone felt very grateful to Duckie Dorn and thanked him for such a nice time, and Duckie brought Granny out of a corner where she was eating her eighth dish of ice cream and told everybody that it was Granny who had really given the party, and he told them how Granny had helped him to learn crow talk.
So the people never called Granny a witch after that, for they knew she was very good and kind. And Duckie put the three boxes—the candy box, the ice cream box and the box with the golden pennies—out in front of his house so that whenever anyone wished candy or ice cream or golden pennies they might walk up and help themselves.
Duckie Dorn calls it an “All-The-Time Party,” for there is always someone out in front of Duckie Dorn’s house eating from the candy and the ice cream box and filling their pockets with golden pennies.
Extract B: The Antlered Ship by Dashka Slater
The day the antlered ship arrived, Marco wondered about the wide world. He had so many questions. “Why do some songs make you happy and others make you sad? Why don’t trees ever talk? How deep does the sun go when it sinks into the sea?” But when he posed these questions to other foxes, they grew silent. “What does that have to do with chicken stew?” they would ask.
So Marco went down to the harbour to see the ship. Three deers greeted him at the gangplank. Marco wasn’t surprised to learn that they were lost. “We hope to hire a seaworthy crew,” explained Sylvia, the captain. “I’m afraid we aren’t very good sailors,” she added. “I will join you,” Marco said. He thought to himself, “I will search the seas for foxes who know the answers to my questions.” A pigeon named Victor volunteered along with the entire flock. “We want to have adventures,” they cooed.
“Welcome aboard,” Captain Sylvia said. “We’re going to a wonderful island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees. When we get there, we’ll eat a delectable dinner.”
But the voyage was more difficult than anyone expected. It rained. Waves crashed over the sides of the deck. “Why is water so wet?” Marco wondered. The pigeons weren’t used to the hard work of raising and lowering the sails. After the first day, they went below decks to play checkers and stayed there. The deer worried about sharp rocks and fierce pirates and feeling seasick. They huddled in the bow and waited for something bad to happen.
After days of drifting and dining on crackers, the animals were damp and cranky. “We should have stayed in the woods, deers aren’t supposed to go to sea,” Sylvia said. “We should have stayed in the park, pigeons aren’t supposed to do hard labour,” added Victor. Marco eyed the deer and the pigeons. “Foxes aren’t supposed to be vegetarian,” he said. “Still, we must do the best we can.”
That evening, Marco found a recipe book in the galley and cooked a warm and reviving stew. “Should we look at the charts?” he asked after everyone had eaten.
“We might find adventure here,” said Victor. “And trouble here,” said Sylvia. “But… we’ll find the island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees here.” “And perhaps foxes too. Foxes with answers,” Marco thought. As they plotted their course, the wind picked up. The storm clouds thinned into marvellous swirls. “Raise the sails!” Sylvia cried.
In the morning, they came to the Maze of Sharp Rocks, each one large enough to tear the bottom from the boat. But the pigeons flew ahead, tracing a path through the shoals and sharp rocks to the safety of the open sea. The next afternoon, a pirate ship bursts from a rocky island. “Turn over yer treasure!” the pirate captain bellowed. “Or we’ll put a hole in yer helm!”
“Lower the antlers!” Sylvia commanded. The ships clashed and crashed and smashed until the pirates turned and fled.
That evening, an island appeared on the horizon with tall waving grasses and short swaying trees. “We’ve found it!” Sylvia cried. “We’ve triumphed,” Victor cooed. “Do you see any foxes?” Marco asked. The deer grazed the grass and nibbled the trees. The pigeons told stories of their adventures to a flock of admiring seagulls. Marco scoured the island for foxes. But he didn’t find any. “I have failed,” Marco told Victor and Sylvia. “No foxes. No one to answer my questions.”
“What questions?” Victor asked. Marco took a deep breath. “Do islands like being alone? Do waves look more like horses or swans? And what’s the best way to find a friend you can talk to?”
“That last one’s easy,” Sylvia said. “You make friends by eating together,” she added. “I disagree, you make friends by having adventures together,” said Victor. “Maybe you’re both right,” Marco said. “But I think you make friends by asking them questions.”
“Well then, should we head home tomorrow? Or should we visit the island of scrumptious shrubbery?” mused Sylvia. “Are two adventures enough? Or should we have at least one more?” asked Victor. “Is it better to know what’s going to happen?” wondered Marco. “Or is it better to be surprised?” There were so many questions left to answer. And so many more to ask.
So in the morning, they raised the anchor and hoisted the heavy sails. They knew now that the wind would come and go, the clouds would sometimes make marvellous swirls and sometimes make them wet, and that everything they hoped to find could be found aboard an antlered ship on the way to wherever they were going.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
1. Which best describes the characteristics of Duckie in extract A and Marco in Extract B?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
Extract A: Crow Talk By Johnny Gruelle
“Caw, Caw, Caw,” one old crow cried as he faced the other two crows. “Caw?” asked the second old crow as he plumed his feathers and screwed his head around to get a better view of the little boy lying under the tree. “Caw-AAAAH! Ca—aaaaw!” replied the first crow.
“Those crows must be talking to each other!” Duckie Dorn thought to himself, as he lay upon his back under the big oak tree and watched the three crows. The third crow now cried, “Awww! Ca-ca-caw!” Duckie jumped up and ran down the hill to where Granny lived. It was a tiny little house, not much larger than a piano box, but it was plenty large enough for Granny, for Granny was only two feet high. Some people even thought Granny was a witch. Of course Duckie knew that Granny was not a witch, for Granny was very good and kind. So Duckie knocked at Granny’s tiny front door. “Come in!” Granny cried. “Good morning, Duckie!” she said, as Duckie crawled into the tiny living room.
When Duckie took a seat on a tiny sofa he did not know just how to ask Granny for what he wanted, so he twiddled his thumbs. “Why do you twiddle your thumbs, Duckie?” Granny asked as she smiled through her glasses at him. “I was wondering what the three crows were talking about!” Duckie replied. Granny went to her tiny cupboard and brought out a little bottle of purple fluid. She dropped three drops of this into a tiny spoon and held it to Duckie. “Am I to take it, Granny?” Duckie asked. “Yes, my dear, and you will be able to understand what the three crows are talking about.”
Duckie swallowed the purple fluid, for he was very anxious to return to the big oak tree and listen to the crows. Granny watched him for a few moments with her eyes full of twinkles, then she told him to run along to the tree. And Duckie thanked Granny and ran as fast as he could to the tree where the three crows were still talking.
“I know where there is a box filled with golden pennies!” the first crow cried. “Ah, my brother, where?” asked the second crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” replied the first crow. “I know where there is a box full of candy!” the third crow cried. “Ahhhh! Where is it, my brother?” asked the first crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first.” replied the third crow. “I know where there is a box full of ice cream!” cried the second crow. “Aha! My brother, where?” asked the third crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” Then the crows went on talking about other things, but Duckie did not hear them, for he was running in the direction of the great meadow as fast as he could. And when he came to the middle of the great meadow there was a large box, and in the large box were three other boxes. One contained the golden pennies, another the candy and the third was full of ice cream.
“I found it first!” Duckie cried and he took a pencil stub from his pocket and, with much twisting of mouth and thinking, he printed his name upon the box. Then Duckie ran home as fast as he could and told Daddy Dorn. Daddy Dorn hitched up Dobbin Dorn and Duckie and Daddy went to the middle of the great meadow and put the big box in the wagon and took it home. Then they called Mamma Dorn and they all ate some of the ice cream and candy. Then Duckie took some of the ice cream and candy and some of the golden pennies to Granny. Then Duckie ran back home and had some more ice cream and candy, and asked Daddy if he might take some of the golden pennies downtown and buy something, and Daddy Dorn said: “Of course, Duckie Dorn, for they are your golden pennies.” So Duckie took two handfuls of the golden pennies downtown and bought a fine little pony with a little round stomach, and he bought a pretty pony cart and harness. Then Dicky drove the pony back home.
By the time Duckie reached home he was hungry for more ice cream and candy, so he went to the box to get some. “Oh Mamma and Daddy!” he cried, “Come see! The box is full of candy and ice cream!” And sure enough, that was the case, for although they had eaten almost all of the ice cream and candy before now the two boxes were filled again. Then Daddy Dorn took two large handfuls of golden pennies from the golden penny box and they watched the box fill up with pennies again. “Whee!” cried Duckie Dorn. “Whee!” cried Mamma Dorn, and “Whee!” cried Daddy Dorn. “We will throw a party!” So Duckie drove around to everybody’s house in his pony cart and invited everybody to come to the party.
And they all had such a nice time they ate the ice cream box empty sixteen times and it filled right up again, and they ate the candy box empty seventeen times and it filled right up again, and Duckie and Mamma and Daddy Dorn gave everybody all the golden pennies they could carry home and emptied the penny box eighteen times, and whenever they emptied the golden penny box it filled right up again.
And everyone felt very grateful to Duckie Dorn and thanked him for such a nice time, and Duckie brought Granny out of a corner where she was eating her eighth dish of ice cream and told everybody that it was Granny who had really given the party, and he told them how Granny had helped him to learn crow talk.
So the people never called Granny a witch after that, for they knew she was very good and kind. And Duckie put the three boxes—the candy box, the ice cream box and the box with the golden pennies—out in front of his house so that whenever anyone wished candy or ice cream or golden pennies they might walk up and help themselves.
Duckie Dorn calls it an “All-The-Time Party,” for there is always someone out in front of Duckie Dorn’s house eating from the candy and the ice cream box and filling their pockets with golden pennies.
Extract B: The Antlered Ship by Dashka Slater
The day the antlered ship arrived, Marco wondered about the wide world. He had so many questions. “Why do some songs make you happy and others make you sad? Why don’t trees ever talk? How deep does the sun go when it sinks into the sea?” But when he posed these questions to other foxes, they grew silent. “What does that have to do with chicken stew?” they would ask.
So Marco went down to the harbour to see the ship. Three deers greeted him at the gangplank. Marco wasn’t surprised to learn that they were lost. “We hope to hire a seaworthy crew,” explained Sylvia, the captain. “I’m afraid we aren’t very good sailors,” she added. “I will join you,” Marco said. He thought to himself, “I will search the seas for foxes who know the answers to my questions.” A pigeon named Victor volunteered along with the entire flock. “We want to have adventures,” they cooed.
“Welcome aboard,” Captain Sylvia said. “We’re going to a wonderful island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees. When we get there, we’ll eat a delectable dinner.”
But the voyage was more difficult than anyone expected. It rained. Waves crashed over the sides of the deck. “Why is water so wet?” Marco wondered. The pigeons weren’t used to the hard work of raising and lowering the sails. After the first day, they went below decks to play checkers and stayed there. The deer worried about sharp rocks and fierce pirates and feeling seasick. They huddled in the bow and waited for something bad to happen.
After days of drifting and dining on crackers, the animals were damp and cranky. “We should have stayed in the woods, deers aren’t supposed to go to sea,” Sylvia said. “We should have stayed in the park, pigeons aren’t supposed to do hard labour,” added Victor. Marco eyed the deer and the pigeons. “Foxes aren’t supposed to be vegetarian,” he said. “Still, we must do the best we can.”
That evening, Marco found a recipe book in the galley and cooked a warm and reviving stew. “Should we look at the charts?” he asked after everyone had eaten.
“We might find adventure here,” said Victor. “And trouble here,” said Sylvia. “But… we’ll find the island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees here.” “And perhaps foxes too. Foxes with answers,” Marco thought. As they plotted their course, the wind picked up. The storm clouds thinned into marvellous swirls. “Raise the sails!” Sylvia cried.
In the morning, they came to the Maze of Sharp Rocks, each one large enough to tear the bottom from the boat. But the pigeons flew ahead, tracing a path through the shoals and sharp rocks to the safety of the open sea. The next afternoon, a pirate ship bursts from a rocky island. “Turn over yer treasure!” the pirate captain bellowed. “Or we’ll put a hole in yer helm!”
“Lower the antlers!” Sylvia commanded. The ships clashed and crashed and smashed until the pirates turned and fled.
That evening, an island appeared on the horizon with tall waving grasses and short swaying trees. “We’ve found it!” Sylvia cried. “We’ve triumphed,” Victor cooed. “Do you see any foxes?” Marco asked. The deer grazed the grass and nibbled the trees. The pigeons told stories of their adventures to a flock of admiring seagulls. Marco scoured the island for foxes. But he didn’t find any. “I have failed,” Marco told Victor and Sylvia. “No foxes. No one to answer my questions.”
“What questions?” Victor asked. Marco took a deep breath. “Do islands like being alone? Do waves look more like horses or swans? And what’s the best way to find a friend you can talk to?”
“That last one’s easy,” Sylvia said. “You make friends by eating together,” she added. “I disagree, you make friends by having adventures together,” said Victor. “Maybe you’re both right,” Marco said. “But I think you make friends by asking them questions.”
“Well then, should we head home tomorrow? Or should we visit the island of scrumptious shrubbery?” mused Sylvia. “Are two adventures enough? Or should we have at least one more?” asked Victor. “Is it better to know what’s going to happen?” wondered Marco. “Or is it better to be surprised?” There were so many questions left to answer. And so many more to ask.
So in the morning, they raised the anchor and hoisted the heavy sails. They knew now that the wind would come and go, the clouds would sometimes make marvellous swirls and sometimes make them wet, and that everything they hoped to find could be found aboard an antlered ship on the way to wherever they were going.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
2. What traits do Granny in extract A and Sylvia in extract B show in their respective stories?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
Extract A: Crow Talk By Johnny Gruelle
“Caw, Caw, Caw,” one old crow cried as he faced the other two crows. “Caw?” asked the second old crow as he plumed his feathers and screwed his head around to get a better view of the little boy lying under the tree. “Caw-AAAAH! Ca—aaaaw!” replied the first crow.
“Those crows must be talking to each other!” Duckie Dorn thought to himself, as he lay upon his back under the big oak tree and watched the three crows. The third crow now cried, “Awww! Ca-ca-caw!” Duckie jumped up and ran down the hill to where Granny lived. It was a tiny little house, not much larger than a piano box, but it was plenty large enough for Granny, for Granny was only two feet high. Some people even thought Granny was a witch. Of course Duckie knew that Granny was not a witch, for Granny was very good and kind. So Duckie knocked at Granny’s tiny front door. “Come in!” Granny cried. “Good morning, Duckie!” she said, as Duckie crawled into the tiny living room.
When Duckie took a seat on a tiny sofa he did not know just how to ask Granny for what he wanted, so he twiddled his thumbs. “Why do you twiddle your thumbs, Duckie?” Granny asked as she smiled through her glasses at him. “I was wondering what the three crows were talking about!” Duckie replied. Granny went to her tiny cupboard and brought out a little bottle of purple fluid. She dropped three drops of this into a tiny spoon and held it to Duckie. “Am I to take it, Granny?” Duckie asked. “Yes, my dear, and you will be able to understand what the three crows are talking about.”
Duckie swallowed the purple fluid, for he was very anxious to return to the big oak tree and listen to the crows. Granny watched him for a few moments with her eyes full of twinkles, then she told him to run along to the tree. And Duckie thanked Granny and ran as fast as he could to the tree where the three crows were still talking.
“I know where there is a box filled with golden pennies!” the first crow cried. “Ah, my brother, where?” asked the second crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” replied the first crow. “I know where there is a box full of candy!” the third crow cried. “Ahhhh! Where is it, my brother?” asked the first crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first.” replied the third crow. “I know where there is a box full of ice cream!” cried the second crow. “Aha! My brother, where?” asked the third crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” Then the crows went on talking about other things, but Duckie did not hear them, for he was running in the direction of the great meadow as fast as he could. And when he came to the middle of the great meadow there was a large box, and in the large box were three other boxes. One contained the golden pennies, another the candy and the third was full of ice cream.
“I found it first!” Duckie cried and he took a pencil stub from his pocket and, with much twisting of mouth and thinking, he printed his name upon the box. Then Duckie ran home as fast as he could and told Daddy Dorn. Daddy Dorn hitched up Dobbin Dorn and Duckie and Daddy went to the middle of the great meadow and put the big box in the wagon and took it home. Then they called Mamma Dorn and they all ate some of the ice cream and candy. Then Duckie took some of the ice cream and candy and some of the golden pennies to Granny. Then Duckie ran back home and had some more ice cream and candy, and asked Daddy if he might take some of the golden pennies downtown and buy something, and Daddy Dorn said: “Of course, Duckie Dorn, for they are your golden pennies.” So Duckie took two handfuls of the golden pennies downtown and bought a fine little pony with a little round stomach, and he bought a pretty pony cart and harness. Then Dicky drove the pony back home.
By the time Duckie reached home he was hungry for more ice cream and candy, so he went to the box to get some. “Oh Mamma and Daddy!” he cried, “Come see! The box is full of candy and ice cream!” And sure enough, that was the case, for although they had eaten almost all of the ice cream and candy before now the two boxes were filled again. Then Daddy Dorn took two large handfuls of golden pennies from the golden penny box and they watched the box fill up with pennies again. “Whee!” cried Duckie Dorn. “Whee!” cried Mamma Dorn, and “Whee!” cried Daddy Dorn. “We will throw a party!” So Duckie drove around to everybody’s house in his pony cart and invited everybody to come to the party.
And they all had such a nice time they ate the ice cream box empty sixteen times and it filled right up again, and they ate the candy box empty seventeen times and it filled right up again, and Duckie and Mamma and Daddy Dorn gave everybody all the golden pennies they could carry home and emptied the penny box eighteen times, and whenever they emptied the golden penny box it filled right up again.
And everyone felt very grateful to Duckie Dorn and thanked him for such a nice time, and Duckie brought Granny out of a corner where she was eating her eighth dish of ice cream and told everybody that it was Granny who had really given the party, and he told them how Granny had helped him to learn crow talk.
So the people never called Granny a witch after that, for they knew she was very good and kind. And Duckie put the three boxes—the candy box, the ice cream box and the box with the golden pennies—out in front of his house so that whenever anyone wished candy or ice cream or golden pennies they might walk up and help themselves.
Duckie Dorn calls it an “All-The-Time Party,” for there is always someone out in front of Duckie Dorn’s house eating from the candy and the ice cream box and filling their pockets with golden pennies.
Extract B: The Antlered Ship by Dashka Slater
The day the antlered ship arrived, Marco wondered about the wide world. He had so many questions. “Why do some songs make you happy and others make you sad? Why don’t trees ever talk? How deep does the sun go when it sinks into the sea?” But when he posed these questions to other foxes, they grew silent. “What does that have to do with chicken stew?” they would ask.
So Marco went down to the harbour to see the ship. Three deers greeted him at the gangplank. Marco wasn’t surprised to learn that they were lost. “We hope to hire a seaworthy crew,” explained Sylvia, the captain. “I’m afraid we aren’t very good sailors,” she added. “I will join you,” Marco said. He thought to himself, “I will search the seas for foxes who know the answers to my questions.” A pigeon named Victor volunteered along with the entire flock. “We want to have adventures,” they cooed.
“Welcome aboard,” Captain Sylvia said. “We’re going to a wonderful island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees. When we get there, we’ll eat a delectable dinner.”
But the voyage was more difficult than anyone expected. It rained. Waves crashed over the sides of the deck. “Why is water so wet?” Marco wondered. The pigeons weren’t used to the hard work of raising and lowering the sails. After the first day, they went below decks to play checkers and stayed there. The deer worried about sharp rocks and fierce pirates and feeling seasick. They huddled in the bow and waited for something bad to happen.
After days of drifting and dining on crackers, the animals were damp and cranky. “We should have stayed in the woods, deers aren’t supposed to go to sea,” Sylvia said. “We should have stayed in the park, pigeons aren’t supposed to do hard labour,” added Victor. Marco eyed the deer and the pigeons. “Foxes aren’t supposed to be vegetarian,” he said. “Still, we must do the best we can.”
That evening, Marco found a recipe book in the galley and cooked a warm and reviving stew. “Should we look at the charts?” he asked after everyone had eaten.
“We might find adventure here,” said Victor. “And trouble here,” said Sylvia. “But… we’ll find the island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees here.” “And perhaps foxes too. Foxes with answers,” Marco thought. As they plotted their course, the wind picked up. The storm clouds thinned into marvellous swirls. “Raise the sails!” Sylvia cried.
In the morning, they came to the Maze of Sharp Rocks, each one large enough to tear the bottom from the boat. But the pigeons flew ahead, tracing a path through the shoals and sharp rocks to the safety of the open sea. The next afternoon, a pirate ship bursts from a rocky island. “Turn over yer treasure!” the pirate captain bellowed. “Or we’ll put a hole in yer helm!”
“Lower the antlers!” Sylvia commanded. The ships clashed and crashed and smashed until the pirates turned and fled.
That evening, an island appeared on the horizon with tall waving grasses and short swaying trees. “We’ve found it!” Sylvia cried. “We’ve triumphed,” Victor cooed. “Do you see any foxes?” Marco asked. The deer grazed the grass and nibbled the trees. The pigeons told stories of their adventures to a flock of admiring seagulls. Marco scoured the island for foxes. But he didn’t find any. “I have failed,” Marco told Victor and Sylvia. “No foxes. No one to answer my questions.”
“What questions?” Victor asked. Marco took a deep breath. “Do islands like being alone? Do waves look more like horses or swans? And what’s the best way to find a friend you can talk to?”
“That last one’s easy,” Sylvia said. “You make friends by eating together,” she added. “I disagree, you make friends by having adventures together,” said Victor. “Maybe you’re both right,” Marco said. “But I think you make friends by asking them questions.”
“Well then, should we head home tomorrow? Or should we visit the island of scrumptious shrubbery?” mused Sylvia. “Are two adventures enough? Or should we have at least one more?” asked Victor. “Is it better to know what’s going to happen?” wondered Marco. “Or is it better to be surprised?” There were so many questions left to answer. And so many more to ask.
So in the morning, they raised the anchor and hoisted the heavy sails. They knew now that the wind would come and go, the clouds would sometimes make marvellous swirls and sometimes make them wet, and that everything they hoped to find could be found aboard an antlered ship on the way to wherever they were going.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
3. What is the significance of the crows mentioned in extract A and the other animals Marco was with as mentioned in Extract B?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
Extract A: Crow Talk By Johnny Gruelle
“Caw, Caw, Caw,” one old crow cried as he faced the other two crows. “Caw?” asked the second old crow as he plumed his feathers and screwed his head around to get a better view of the little boy lying under the tree. “Caw-AAAAH! Ca—aaaaw!” replied the first crow.
“Those crows must be talking to each other!” Duckie Dorn thought to himself, as he lay upon his back under the big oak tree and watched the three crows. The third crow now cried, “Awww! Ca-ca-caw!” Duckie jumped up and ran down the hill to where Granny lived. It was a tiny little house, not much larger than a piano box, but it was plenty large enough for Granny, for Granny was only two feet high. Some people even thought Granny was a witch. Of course Duckie knew that Granny was not a witch, for Granny was very good and kind. So Duckie knocked at Granny’s tiny front door. “Come in!” Granny cried. “Good morning, Duckie!” she said, as Duckie crawled into the tiny living room.
When Duckie took a seat on a tiny sofa he did not know just how to ask Granny for what he wanted, so he twiddled his thumbs. “Why do you twiddle your thumbs, Duckie?” Granny asked as she smiled through her glasses at him. “I was wondering what the three crows were talking about!” Duckie replied. Granny went to her tiny cupboard and brought out a little bottle of purple fluid. She dropped three drops of this into a tiny spoon and held it to Duckie. “Am I to take it, Granny?” Duckie asked. “Yes, my dear, and you will be able to understand what the three crows are talking about.”
Duckie swallowed the purple fluid, for he was very anxious to return to the big oak tree and listen to the crows. Granny watched him for a few moments with her eyes full of twinkles, then she told him to run along to the tree. And Duckie thanked Granny and ran as fast as he could to the tree where the three crows were still talking.
“I know where there is a box filled with golden pennies!” the first crow cried. “Ah, my brother, where?” asked the second crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” replied the first crow. “I know where there is a box full of candy!” the third crow cried. “Ahhhh! Where is it, my brother?” asked the first crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first.” replied the third crow. “I know where there is a box full of ice cream!” cried the second crow. “Aha! My brother, where?” asked the third crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” Then the crows went on talking about other things, but Duckie did not hear them, for he was running in the direction of the great meadow as fast as he could. And when he came to the middle of the great meadow there was a large box, and in the large box were three other boxes. One contained the golden pennies, another the candy and the third was full of ice cream.
“I found it first!” Duckie cried and he took a pencil stub from his pocket and, with much twisting of mouth and thinking, he printed his name upon the box. Then Duckie ran home as fast as he could and told Daddy Dorn. Daddy Dorn hitched up Dobbin Dorn and Duckie and Daddy went to the middle of the great meadow and put the big box in the wagon and took it home. Then they called Mamma Dorn and they all ate some of the ice cream and candy. Then Duckie took some of the ice cream and candy and some of the golden pennies to Granny. Then Duckie ran back home and had some more ice cream and candy, and asked Daddy if he might take some of the golden pennies downtown and buy something, and Daddy Dorn said: “Of course, Duckie Dorn, for they are your golden pennies.” So Duckie took two handfuls of the golden pennies downtown and bought a fine little pony with a little round stomach, and he bought a pretty pony cart and harness. Then Dicky drove the pony back home.
By the time Duckie reached home he was hungry for more ice cream and candy, so he went to the box to get some. “Oh Mamma and Daddy!” he cried, “Come see! The box is full of candy and ice cream!” And sure enough, that was the case, for although they had eaten almost all of the ice cream and candy before now the two boxes were filled again. Then Daddy Dorn took two large handfuls of golden pennies from the golden penny box and they watched the box fill up with pennies again. “Whee!” cried Duckie Dorn. “Whee!” cried Mamma Dorn, and “Whee!” cried Daddy Dorn. “We will throw a party!” So Duckie drove around to everybody’s house in his pony cart and invited everybody to come to the party.
And they all had such a nice time they ate the ice cream box empty sixteen times and it filled right up again, and they ate the candy box empty seventeen times and it filled right up again, and Duckie and Mamma and Daddy Dorn gave everybody all the golden pennies they could carry home and emptied the penny box eighteen times, and whenever they emptied the golden penny box it filled right up again.
And everyone felt very grateful to Duckie Dorn and thanked him for such a nice time, and Duckie brought Granny out of a corner where she was eating her eighth dish of ice cream and told everybody that it was Granny who had really given the party, and he told them how Granny had helped him to learn crow talk.
So the people never called Granny a witch after that, for they knew she was very good and kind. And Duckie put the three boxes—the candy box, the ice cream box and the box with the golden pennies—out in front of his house so that whenever anyone wished candy or ice cream or golden pennies they might walk up and help themselves.
Duckie Dorn calls it an “All-The-Time Party,” for there is always someone out in front of Duckie Dorn’s house eating from the candy and the ice cream box and filling their pockets with golden pennies.
Extract B: The Antlered Ship by Dashka Slater
The day the antlered ship arrived, Marco wondered about the wide world. He had so many questions. “Why do some songs make you happy and others make you sad? Why don’t trees ever talk? How deep does the sun go when it sinks into the sea?” But when he posed these questions to other foxes, they grew silent. “What does that have to do with chicken stew?” they would ask.
So Marco went down to the harbour to see the ship. Three deers greeted him at the gangplank. Marco wasn’t surprised to learn that they were lost. “We hope to hire a seaworthy crew,” explained Sylvia, the captain. “I’m afraid we aren’t very good sailors,” she added. “I will join you,” Marco said. He thought to himself, “I will search the seas for foxes who know the answers to my questions.” A pigeon named Victor volunteered along with the entire flock. “We want to have adventures,” they cooed.
“Welcome aboard,” Captain Sylvia said. “We’re going to a wonderful island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees. When we get there, we’ll eat a delectable dinner.”
But the voyage was more difficult than anyone expected. It rained. Waves crashed over the sides of the deck. “Why is water so wet?” Marco wondered. The pigeons weren’t used to the hard work of raising and lowering the sails. After the first day, they went below decks to play checkers and stayed there. The deer worried about sharp rocks and fierce pirates and feeling seasick. They huddled in the bow and waited for something bad to happen.
After days of drifting and dining on crackers, the animals were damp and cranky. “We should have stayed in the woods, deers aren’t supposed to go to sea,” Sylvia said. “We should have stayed in the park, pigeons aren’t supposed to do hard labour,” added Victor. Marco eyed the deer and the pigeons. “Foxes aren’t supposed to be vegetarian,” he said. “Still, we must do the best we can.”
That evening, Marco found a recipe book in the galley and cooked a warm and reviving stew. “Should we look at the charts?” he asked after everyone had eaten.
“We might find adventure here,” said Victor. “And trouble here,” said Sylvia. “But… we’ll find the island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees here.” “And perhaps foxes too. Foxes with answers,” Marco thought. As they plotted their course, the wind picked up. The storm clouds thinned into marvellous swirls. “Raise the sails!” Sylvia cried.
In the morning, they came to the Maze of Sharp Rocks, each one large enough to tear the bottom from the boat. But the pigeons flew ahead, tracing a path through the shoals and sharp rocks to the safety of the open sea. The next afternoon, a pirate ship bursts from a rocky island. “Turn over yer treasure!” the pirate captain bellowed. “Or we’ll put a hole in yer helm!”
“Lower the antlers!” Sylvia commanded. The ships clashed and crashed and smashed until the pirates turned and fled.
That evening, an island appeared on the horizon with tall waving grasses and short swaying trees. “We’ve found it!” Sylvia cried. “We’ve triumphed,” Victor cooed. “Do you see any foxes?” Marco asked. The deer grazed the grass and nibbled the trees. The pigeons told stories of their adventures to a flock of admiring seagulls. Marco scoured the island for foxes. But he didn’t find any. “I have failed,” Marco told Victor and Sylvia. “No foxes. No one to answer my questions.”
“What questions?” Victor asked. Marco took a deep breath. “Do islands like being alone? Do waves look more like horses or swans? And what’s the best way to find a friend you can talk to?”
“That last one’s easy,” Sylvia said. “You make friends by eating together,” she added. “I disagree, you make friends by having adventures together,” said Victor. “Maybe you’re both right,” Marco said. “But I think you make friends by asking them questions.”
“Well then, should we head home tomorrow? Or should we visit the island of scrumptious shrubbery?” mused Sylvia. “Are two adventures enough? Or should we have at least one more?” asked Victor. “Is it better to know what’s going to happen?” wondered Marco. “Or is it better to be surprised?” There were so many questions left to answer. And so many more to ask.
So in the morning, they raised the anchor and hoisted the heavy sails. They knew now that the wind would come and go, the clouds would sometimes make marvellous swirls and sometimes make them wet, and that everything they hoped to find could be found aboard an antlered ship on the way to wherever they were going.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
4. In extract A, Granny gave Duckie a purple fluid to help him understand the crows. Why do you think she did this?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
Extract A: Crow Talk By Johnny Gruelle
“Caw, Caw, Caw,” one old crow cried as he faced the other two crows. “Caw?” asked the second old crow as he plumed his feathers and screwed his head around to get a better view of the little boy lying under the tree. “Caw-AAAAH! Ca—aaaaw!” replied the first crow.
“Those crows must be talking to each other!” Duckie Dorn thought to himself, as he lay upon his back under the big oak tree and watched the three crows. The third crow now cried, “Awww! Ca-ca-caw!” Duckie jumped up and ran down the hill to where Granny lived. It was a tiny little house, not much larger than a piano box, but it was plenty large enough for Granny, for Granny was only two feet high. Some people even thought Granny was a witch. Of course Duckie knew that Granny was not a witch, for Granny was very good and kind. So Duckie knocked at Granny’s tiny front door. “Come in!” Granny cried. “Good morning, Duckie!” she said, as Duckie crawled into the tiny living room.
When Duckie took a seat on a tiny sofa he did not know just how to ask Granny for what he wanted, so he twiddled his thumbs. “Why do you twiddle your thumbs, Duckie?” Granny asked as she smiled through her glasses at him. “I was wondering what the three crows were talking about!” Duckie replied. Granny went to her tiny cupboard and brought out a little bottle of purple fluid. She dropped three drops of this into a tiny spoon and held it to Duckie. “Am I to take it, Granny?” Duckie asked. “Yes, my dear, and you will be able to understand what the three crows are talking about.”
Duckie swallowed the purple fluid, for he was very anxious to return to the big oak tree and listen to the crows. Granny watched him for a few moments with her eyes full of twinkles, then she told him to run along to the tree. And Duckie thanked Granny and ran as fast as he could to the tree where the three crows were still talking.
“I know where there is a box filled with golden pennies!” the first crow cried. “Ah, my brother, where?” asked the second crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” replied the first crow. “I know where there is a box full of candy!” the third crow cried. “Ahhhh! Where is it, my brother?” asked the first crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first.” replied the third crow. “I know where there is a box full of ice cream!” cried the second crow. “Aha! My brother, where?” asked the third crow. “In the middle of the great meadow, and it will belong to the one who finds it first!” Then the crows went on talking about other things, but Duckie did not hear them, for he was running in the direction of the great meadow as fast as he could. And when he came to the middle of the great meadow there was a large box, and in the large box were three other boxes. One contained the golden pennies, another the candy and the third was full of ice cream.
“I found it first!” Duckie cried and he took a pencil stub from his pocket and, with much twisting of mouth and thinking, he printed his name upon the box. Then Duckie ran home as fast as he could and told Daddy Dorn. Daddy Dorn hitched up Dobbin Dorn and Duckie and Daddy went to the middle of the great meadow and put the big box in the wagon and took it home. Then they called Mamma Dorn and they all ate some of the ice cream and candy. Then Duckie took some of the ice cream and candy and some of the golden pennies to Granny. Then Duckie ran back home and had some more ice cream and candy, and asked Daddy if he might take some of the golden pennies downtown and buy something, and Daddy Dorn said: “Of course, Duckie Dorn, for they are your golden pennies.” So Duckie took two handfuls of the golden pennies downtown and bought a fine little pony with a little round stomach, and he bought a pretty pony cart and harness. Then Dicky drove the pony back home.
By the time Duckie reached home he was hungry for more ice cream and candy, so he went to the box to get some. “Oh Mamma and Daddy!” he cried, “Come see! The box is full of candy and ice cream!” And sure enough, that was the case, for although they had eaten almost all of the ice cream and candy before now the two boxes were filled again. Then Daddy Dorn took two large handfuls of golden pennies from the golden penny box and they watched the box fill up with pennies again. “Whee!” cried Duckie Dorn. “Whee!” cried Mamma Dorn, and “Whee!” cried Daddy Dorn. “We will throw a party!” So Duckie drove around to everybody’s house in his pony cart and invited everybody to come to the party.
And they all had such a nice time they ate the ice cream box empty sixteen times and it filled right up again, and they ate the candy box empty seventeen times and it filled right up again, and Duckie and Mamma and Daddy Dorn gave everybody all the golden pennies they could carry home and emptied the penny box eighteen times, and whenever they emptied the golden penny box it filled right up again.
And everyone felt very grateful to Duckie Dorn and thanked him for such a nice time, and Duckie brought Granny out of a corner where she was eating her eighth dish of ice cream and told everybody that it was Granny who had really given the party, and he told them how Granny had helped him to learn crow talk.
So the people never called Granny a witch after that, for they knew she was very good and kind. And Duckie put the three boxes—the candy box, the ice cream box and the box with the golden pennies—out in front of his house so that whenever anyone wished candy or ice cream or golden pennies they might walk up and help themselves.
Duckie Dorn calls it an “All-The-Time Party,” for there is always someone out in front of Duckie Dorn’s house eating from the candy and the ice cream box and filling their pockets with golden pennies.
Extract B: The Antlered Ship by Dashka Slater
The day the antlered ship arrived, Marco wondered about the wide world. He had so many questions. “Why do some songs make you happy and others make you sad? Why don’t trees ever talk? How deep does the sun go when it sinks into the sea?” But when he posed these questions to other foxes, they grew silent. “What does that have to do with chicken stew?” they would ask.
So Marco went down to the harbour to see the ship. Three deers greeted him at the gangplank. Marco wasn’t surprised to learn that they were lost. “We hope to hire a seaworthy crew,” explained Sylvia, the captain. “I’m afraid we aren’t very good sailors,” she added. “I will join you,” Marco said. He thought to himself, “I will search the seas for foxes who know the answers to my questions.” A pigeon named Victor volunteered along with the entire flock. “We want to have adventures,” they cooed.
“Welcome aboard,” Captain Sylvia said. “We’re going to a wonderful island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees. When we get there, we’ll eat a delectable dinner.”
But the voyage was more difficult than anyone expected. It rained. Waves crashed over the sides of the deck. “Why is water so wet?” Marco wondered. The pigeons weren’t used to the hard work of raising and lowering the sails. After the first day, they went below decks to play checkers and stayed there. The deer worried about sharp rocks and fierce pirates and feeling seasick. They huddled in the bow and waited for something bad to happen.
After days of drifting and dining on crackers, the animals were damp and cranky. “We should have stayed in the woods, deers aren’t supposed to go to sea,” Sylvia said. “We should have stayed in the park, pigeons aren’t supposed to do hard labour,” added Victor. Marco eyed the deer and the pigeons. “Foxes aren’t supposed to be vegetarian,” he said. “Still, we must do the best we can.”
That evening, Marco found a recipe book in the galley and cooked a warm and reviving stew. “Should we look at the charts?” he asked after everyone had eaten.
“We might find adventure here,” said Victor. “And trouble here,” said Sylvia. “But… we’ll find the island with tall, sweet grass and short, sweet trees here.” “And perhaps foxes too. Foxes with answers,” Marco thought. As they plotted their course, the wind picked up. The storm clouds thinned into marvellous swirls. “Raise the sails!” Sylvia cried.
In the morning, they came to the Maze of Sharp Rocks, each one large enough to tear the bottom from the boat. But the pigeons flew ahead, tracing a path through the shoals and sharp rocks to the safety of the open sea. The next afternoon, a pirate ship bursts from a rocky island. “Turn over yer treasure!” the pirate captain bellowed. “Or we’ll put a hole in yer helm!”
“Lower the antlers!” Sylvia commanded. The ships clashed and crashed and smashed until the pirates turned and fled.
That evening, an island appeared on the horizon with tall waving grasses and short swaying trees. “We’ve found it!” Sylvia cried. “We’ve triumphed,” Victor cooed. “Do you see any foxes?” Marco asked. The deer grazed the grass and nibbled the trees. The pigeons told stories of their adventures to a flock of admiring seagulls. Marco scoured the island for foxes. But he didn’t find any. “I have failed,” Marco told Victor and Sylvia. “No foxes. No one to answer my questions.”
“What questions?” Victor asked. Marco took a deep breath. “Do islands like being alone? Do waves look more like horses or swans? And what’s the best way to find a friend you can talk to?”
“That last one’s easy,” Sylvia said. “You make friends by eating together,” she added. “I disagree, you make friends by having adventures together,” said Victor. “Maybe you’re both right,” Marco said. “But I think you make friends by asking them questions.”
“Well then, should we head home tomorrow? Or should we visit the island of scrumptious shrubbery?” mused Sylvia. “Are two adventures enough? Or should we have at least one more?” asked Victor. “Is it better to know what’s going to happen?” wondered Marco. “Or is it better to be surprised?” There were so many questions left to answer. And so many more to ask.
So in the morning, they raised the anchor and hoisted the heavy sails. They knew now that the wind would come and go, the clouds would sometimes make marvellous swirls and sometimes make them wet, and that everything they hoped to find could be found aboard an antlered ship on the way to wherever they were going.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
5. In extract B, Marco, Sylvia and Victor continued on with their adventures. What does this say about their decision?
Read the poem below then answer the questions that follow.
Autumn Friendship
The autumn winds are moaning round
And through the branches sighing,
And autumn leaves upon the ground
All seared and dead are lying.
The summer flowers have ceased to bloom 5
For autumn frosts have blighted,
And laid them in a cheerless tomb
By summer sun unlighted.
Thus all our ‘fondest hopes decay’
Beneath the chill of sorrow, 10
The joys that brightest seem to-day
Are withered by the morrow.
But there are flowers that bloom enshrin’d
In hearts by love united,
Unscathed by the autumn wind, 15
By autumn frost unblighted.
And there are hearts that ever thrill
With friendship warm and glowing,
And joys unseared by sorrow’s chill
With hallowed truth o’erflowing. 20
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
6. Which best summarises stanza 1?
Read the poem below then answer the questions that follow.
Autumn Friendship
The autumn winds are moaning round
And through the branches sighing,
And autumn leaves upon the ground
All seared and dead are lying.
The summer flowers have ceased to bloom 5
For autumn frosts have blighted,
And laid them in a cheerless tomb
By summer sun unlighted.
Thus all our ‘fondest hopes decay’
Beneath the chill of sorrow, 10
The joys that brightest seem to-day
Are withered by the morrow.
But there are flowers that bloom enshrin’d
In hearts by love united,
Unscathed by the autumn wind, 15
By autumn frost unblighted.
And there are hearts that ever thrill
With friendship warm and glowing,
And joys unseared by sorrow’s chill
With hallowed truth o’erflowing. 20
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
7. What is the significance of the tomb in line 7?
Read the poem below then answer the questions that follow.
Autumn Friendship
The autumn winds are moaning round
And through the branches sighing,
And autumn leaves upon the ground
All seared and dead are lying.
The summer flowers have ceased to bloom 5
For autumn frosts have blighted,
And laid them in a cheerless tomb
By summer sun unlighted.
Thus all our ‘fondest hopes decay’
Beneath the chill of sorrow, 10
The joys that brightest seem to-day
Are withered by the morrow.
But there are flowers that bloom enshrin’d
In hearts by love united,
Unscathed by the autumn wind, 15
By autumn frost unblighted.
And there are hearts that ever thrill
With friendship warm and glowing,
And joys unseared by sorrow’s chill
With hallowed truth o’erflowing. 20
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
8. What does line 9 mean?
Read the poem below then answer the questions that follow.
Autumn Friendship
The autumn winds are moaning round
And through the branches sighing,
And autumn leaves upon the ground
All seared and dead are lying.
The summer flowers have ceased to bloom 5
For autumn frosts have blighted,
And laid them in a cheerless tomb
By summer sun unlighted.
Thus all our ‘fondest hopes decay’
Beneath the chill of sorrow, 10
The joys that brightest seem to-day
Are withered by the morrow.
But there are flowers that bloom enshrin’d
In hearts by love united,
Unscathed by the autumn wind, 15
By autumn frost unblighted.
And there are hearts that ever thrill
With friendship warm and glowing,
And joys unseared by sorrow’s chill
With hallowed truth o’erflowing. 20
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
9. The following are true about the poem EXCEPT?
Read the poem below then answer the questions that follow.
Autumn Friendship
The autumn winds are moaning round
And through the branches sighing,
And autumn leaves upon the ground
All seared and dead are lying.
The summer flowers have ceased to bloom 5
For autumn frosts have blighted,
And laid them in a cheerless tomb
By summer sun unlighted.
Thus all our ‘fondest hopes decay’
Beneath the chill of sorrow, 10
The joys that brightest seem to-day
Are withered by the morrow.
But there are flowers that bloom enshrin’d
In hearts by love united,
Unscathed by the autumn wind, 15
By autumn frost unblighted.
And there are hearts that ever thrill
With friendship warm and glowing,
And joys unseared by sorrow’s chill
With hallowed truth o’erflowing. 20
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
10. The author made a deliberate choice to feature autumn in this poem which plays a major role in the message of the poem. Which best describes the reason why the author did so?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
In Namibia, Lions Are King of the Beach
A. In Namibia’s dry Skeleton Coast National Park, there is an invisible fence between the lions and the people who come to see them. Namibia’s Ministry of Environment, Forestry, and Tourism and the non-profit Desert Lion Conservation Trust (DLCT) made a geofence that can tell when lions are getting close to a 40-kilometre stretch of a popular fishing and camping beach at Torra Bay. When a lion wearing a satellite collar crosses the geofence, the technology records the animal’s GPS location and sends automatic alerts to the DLCT’s lion rangers and camp managers, who then close off the area to visitors.
B. Several close calls between lions and people that could have been deadly led to the creation of an early warning system. Last year, a group of people who went fishing at Torra Bay got too close to a lioness, and the animal charged their car. As Namibia’s desert lions move back to the Skeleton Coast, there is a higher chance that they will attack. Luckily, nobody got hurt. In the northwest of Namibia, where Cape fur seals, beached whales, and cormorants live, lions have been known to eat them. People know that these lions can live in the Namib Desert’s harsh gravel plains and never-ending dunes. These are the only lions that are known to hunt sea animals, which is very interesting. In the 1980s, local farmers killed most of the desert lions, which caused them to move away from the shore.
C. The fact that lions were seen again in 2002 showed that the population was growing again. Lion ecologist Philip Stander, who started the DLCT, was worried that the population had forgotten how to hunt marine prey. But in the last eight years, three orphaned lionesses named Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie have brought hunting back to the beaches around Torra Bay. It seems likely that one of these lions or a fourth one called Xpl-108 attacked the fishermen’s car last year.
D. When drought killed off the mountain zebras, springboks, oryxes, and ostriches in the park in 2015, the lionesses started hunting coastal prey. Young lionesses ate seabirds instead of these important foods. They mostly ate cormorants, flamingos, and red-billed teals. Then, in 2018, scientists from the DLCT saw the lionesses hunting fur seals. This was the first time in 40 years that lions had been seen doing this. In a second 18-month study of the lionesses’ diet, Stander found that 86% of their food came from the sea, mostly cormorants, seals, and flamingos. “It’s interesting to look at from a biologist’s point of view,” says Félix Vallat, who is in charge of the DLCT project. What has been lost is knowledge. Now, it’s slowly coming back.”
E. Naude Dreyer is very happy that the lions are going back to the beach. Dreyer, who runs kayaking safaris in Walvis Bay, 350 kilometres to the south, has wanted to see a desert lion since he was five years old. After waiting for 30 years, he found two lionesses separately in Torra Bay in January 2022. He took a picture of one of them eating a fur seal while the Atlantic Ocean was in the background. “She looked up a few times while she was eating, but she didn’t do anything to make me feel uncomfortable,” says Dreyer, who kept his distance. The lioness who was photographed was likely Xpl-108, who lived in the geofenced area for more than 30 days between late November and early January. She, Alpha, and Bravo all have satellite collars on, and the tracking experiment is meant to help both the lions and the tourists by keeping them safe.
F. During busy times, like the December–January holidays in southern Africa, when lots of people go to the beaches, they could get in the way of the lions hunting or push the animals inland, where they could fight with farmers. The geofence is not a perfect way to keep things safe. Xpl-108 sneaked to the coast and killed a fur seal during the course of one night. The next morning, fishermen came to fish on the beach before the rangers could block it off. This scared Xpl-108, so she dragged her catch four kilometres inland to a rocky outcropping for safety.
G. Still, information from other places shows that the project should be successful. Matthew Wijers, a postdoctoral researcher on lions at the University of Oxford in England who is not part of the desert lion study, says that geofencing has worked well in other parts of southern Africa, even though it is expensive. “This technology, along with campaigns to teach people about the ecological importance of desert lions and how they could hurt people, should make it less likely that lions and fishermen will fight along the Skeleton Coast,” he says. It’s not clear if the lionesses will keep coming back to Torra Bay. After almost eight years, it looks like Namibia’s drought is finally over. During this time, there were 150 lions, but there were only 80 left. Vallat thinks that lions’ land-based prey, and hopefully the lion population, will return in two years. Vallat thinks that, for now, the geofence will keep everyone safe.
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description.
Which paragraph…
__________ 11. talks about how the owner of expeditions using small, light, narrow boats, pointed at both ends, with a covering over the top took a photo of a lion eating a seal near the sea?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
In Namibia, Lions Are King of the Beach
A. In Namibia’s dry Skeleton Coast National Park, there is an invisible fence between the lions and the people who come to see them. Namibia’s Ministry of Environment, Forestry, and Tourism and the non-profit Desert Lion Conservation Trust (DLCT) made a geofence that can tell when lions are getting close to a 40-kilometre stretch of a popular fishing and camping beach at Torra Bay. When a lion wearing a satellite collar crosses the geofence, the technology records the animal’s GPS location and sends automatic alerts to the DLCT’s lion rangers and camp managers, who then close off the area to visitors.
B. Several close calls between lions and people that could have been deadly led to the creation of an early warning system. Last year, a group of people who went fishing at Torra Bay got too close to a lioness, and the animal charged their car. As Namibia’s desert lions move back to the Skeleton Coast, there is a higher chance that they will attack. Luckily, nobody got hurt. In the northwest of Namibia, where Cape fur seals, beached whales, and cormorants live, lions have been known to eat them. People know that these lions can live in the Namib Desert’s harsh gravel plains and never-ending dunes. These are the only lions that are known to hunt sea animals, which is very interesting. In the 1980s, local farmers killed most of the desert lions, which caused them to move away from the shore.
C. The fact that lions were seen again in 2002 showed that the population was growing again. Lion ecologist Philip Stander, who started the DLCT, was worried that the population had forgotten how to hunt marine prey. But in the last eight years, three orphaned lionesses named Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie have brought hunting back to the beaches around Torra Bay. It seems likely that one of these lions or a fourth one called Xpl-108 attacked the fishermen’s car last year.
D. When drought killed off the mountain zebras, springboks, oryxes, and ostriches in the park in 2015, the lionesses started hunting coastal prey. Young lionesses ate seabirds instead of these important foods. They mostly ate cormorants, flamingos, and red-billed teals. Then, in 2018, scientists from the DLCT saw the lionesses hunting fur seals. This was the first time in 40 years that lions had been seen doing this. In a second 18-month study of the lionesses’ diet, Stander found that 86% of their food came from the sea, mostly cormorants, seals, and flamingos. “It’s interesting to look at from a biologist’s point of view,” says Félix Vallat, who is in charge of the DLCT project. What has been lost is knowledge. Now, it’s slowly coming back.”
E. Naude Dreyer is very happy that the lions are going back to the beach. Dreyer, who runs kayaking safaris in Walvis Bay, 350 kilometres to the south, has wanted to see a desert lion since he was five years old. After waiting for 30 years, he found two lionesses separately in Torra Bay in January 2022. He took a picture of one of them eating a fur seal while the Atlantic Ocean was in the background. “She looked up a few times while she was eating, but she didn’t do anything to make me feel uncomfortable,” says Dreyer, who kept his distance. The lioness who was photographed was likely Xpl-108, who lived in the geofenced area for more than 30 days between late November and early January. She, Alpha, and Bravo all have satellite collars on, and the tracking experiment is meant to help both the lions and the tourists by keeping them safe.
F. During busy times, like the December–January holidays in southern Africa, when lots of people go to the beaches, they could get in the way of the lions hunting or push the animals inland, where they could fight with farmers. The geofence is not a perfect way to keep things safe. Xpl-108 sneaked to the coast and killed a fur seal during the course of one night. The next morning, fishermen came to fish on the beach before the rangers could block it off. This scared Xpl-108, so she dragged her catch four kilometres inland to a rocky outcropping for safety.
G. Still, information from other places shows that the project should be successful. Matthew Wijers, a postdoctoral researcher on lions at the University of Oxford in England who is not part of the desert lion study, says that geofencing has worked well in other parts of southern Africa, even though it is expensive. “This technology, along with campaigns to teach people about the ecological importance of desert lions and how they could hurt people, should make it less likely that lions and fishermen will fight along the Skeleton Coast,” he says. It’s not clear if the lionesses will keep coming back to Torra Bay. After almost eight years, it looks like Namibia’s drought is finally over. During this time, there were 150 lions, but there were only 80 left. Vallat thinks that lions’ land-based prey, and hopefully the lion population, will return in two years. Vallat thinks that, for now, the geofence will keep everyone safe.
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description.
Which paragraph…
__________ 12. introduces the implementation of a fencing system that cannot be seen with the naked eye which will create a barrier between the desert lions and the people who come to watch them?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
In Namibia, Lions Are King of the Beach
A. In Namibia’s dry Skeleton Coast National Park, there is an invisible fence between the lions and the people who come to see them. Namibia’s Ministry of Environment, Forestry, and Tourism and the non-profit Desert Lion Conservation Trust (DLCT) made a geofence that can tell when lions are getting close to a 40-kilometre stretch of a popular fishing and camping beach at Torra Bay. When a lion wearing a satellite collar crosses the geofence, the technology records the animal’s GPS location and sends automatic alerts to the DLCT’s lion rangers and camp managers, who then close off the area to visitors.
B. Several close calls between lions and people that could have been deadly led to the creation of an early warning system. Last year, a group of people who went fishing at Torra Bay got too close to a lioness, and the animal charged their car. As Namibia’s desert lions move back to the Skeleton Coast, there is a higher chance that they will attack. Luckily, nobody got hurt. In the northwest of Namibia, where Cape fur seals, beached whales, and cormorants live, lions have been known to eat them. People know that these lions can live in the Namib Desert’s harsh gravel plains and never-ending dunes. These are the only lions that are known to hunt sea animals, which is very interesting. In the 1980s, local farmers killed most of the desert lions, which caused them to move away from the shore.
C. The fact that lions were seen again in 2002 showed that the population was growing again. Lion ecologist Philip Stander, who started the DLCT, was worried that the population had forgotten how to hunt marine prey. But in the last eight years, three orphaned lionesses named Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie have brought hunting back to the beaches around Torra Bay. It seems likely that one of these lions or a fourth one called Xpl-108 attacked the fishermen’s car last year.
D. When drought killed off the mountain zebras, springboks, oryxes, and ostriches in the park in 2015, the lionesses started hunting coastal prey. Young lionesses ate seabirds instead of these important foods. They mostly ate cormorants, flamingos, and red-billed teals. Then, in 2018, scientists from the DLCT saw the lionesses hunting fur seals. This was the first time in 40 years that lions had been seen doing this. In a second 18-month study of the lionesses’ diet, Stander found that 86% of their food came from the sea, mostly cormorants, seals, and flamingos. “It’s interesting to look at from a biologist’s point of view,” says Félix Vallat, who is in charge of the DLCT project. What has been lost is knowledge. Now, it’s slowly coming back.”
E. Naude Dreyer is very happy that the lions are going back to the beach. Dreyer, who runs kayaking safaris in Walvis Bay, 350 kilometres to the south, has wanted to see a desert lion since he was five years old. After waiting for 30 years, he found two lionesses separately in Torra Bay in January 2022. He took a picture of one of them eating a fur seal while the Atlantic Ocean was in the background. “She looked up a few times while she was eating, but she didn’t do anything to make me feel uncomfortable,” says Dreyer, who kept his distance. The lioness who was photographed was likely Xpl-108, who lived in the geofenced area for more than 30 days between late November and early January. She, Alpha, and Bravo all have satellite collars on, and the tracking experiment is meant to help both the lions and the tourists by keeping them safe.
F. During busy times, like the December–January holidays in southern Africa, when lots of people go to the beaches, they could get in the way of the lions hunting or push the animals inland, where they could fight with farmers. The geofence is not a perfect way to keep things safe. Xpl-108 sneaked to the coast and killed a fur seal during the course of one night. The next morning, fishermen came to fish on the beach before the rangers could block it off. This scared Xpl-108, so she dragged her catch four kilometres inland to a rocky outcropping for safety.
G. Still, information from other places shows that the project should be successful. Matthew Wijers, a postdoctoral researcher on lions at the University of Oxford in England who is not part of the desert lion study, says that geofencing has worked well in other parts of southern Africa, even though it is expensive. “This technology, along with campaigns to teach people about the ecological importance of desert lions and how they could hurt people, should make it less likely that lions and fishermen will fight along the Skeleton Coast,” he says. It’s not clear if the lionesses will keep coming back to Torra Bay. After almost eight years, it looks like Namibia’s drought is finally over. During this time, there were 150 lions, but there were only 80 left. Vallat thinks that lions’ land-based prey, and hopefully the lion population, will return in two years. Vallat thinks that, for now, the geofence will keep everyone safe.
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description.
Which paragraph…
__________ 13. includes a statement from a lion researcher who says that even though it can be costly, geofencing has been effective in other regions of a different country?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
In Namibia, Lions Are King of the Beach
A. In Namibia’s dry Skeleton Coast National Park, there is an invisible fence between the lions and the people who come to see them. Namibia’s Ministry of Environment, Forestry, and Tourism and the non-profit Desert Lion Conservation Trust (DLCT) made a geofence that can tell when lions are getting close to a 40-kilometre stretch of a popular fishing and camping beach at Torra Bay. When a lion wearing a satellite collar crosses the geofence, the technology records the animal’s GPS location and sends automatic alerts to the DLCT’s lion rangers and camp managers, who then close off the area to visitors.
B. Several close calls between lions and people that could have been deadly led to the creation of an early warning system. Last year, a group of people who went fishing at Torra Bay got too close to a lioness, and the animal charged their car. As Namibia’s desert lions move back to the Skeleton Coast, there is a higher chance that they will attack. Luckily, nobody got hurt. In the northwest of Namibia, where Cape fur seals, beached whales, and cormorants live, lions have been known to eat them. People know that these lions can live in the Namib Desert’s harsh gravel plains and never-ending dunes. These are the only lions that are known to hunt sea animals, which is very interesting. In the 1980s, local farmers killed most of the desert lions, which caused them to move away from the shore.
C. The fact that lions were seen again in 2002 showed that the population was growing again. Lion ecologist Philip Stander, who started the DLCT, was worried that the population had forgotten how to hunt marine prey. But in the last eight years, three orphaned lionesses named Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie have brought hunting back to the beaches around Torra Bay. It seems likely that one of these lions or a fourth one called Xpl-108 attacked the fishermen’s car last year.
D. When drought killed off the mountain zebras, springboks, oryxes, and ostriches in the park in 2015, the lionesses started hunting coastal prey. Young lionesses ate seabirds instead of these important foods. They mostly ate cormorants, flamingos, and red-billed teals. Then, in 2018, scientists from the DLCT saw the lionesses hunting fur seals. This was the first time in 40 years that lions had been seen doing this. In a second 18-month study of the lionesses’ diet, Stander found that 86% of their food came from the sea, mostly cormorants, seals, and flamingos. “It’s interesting to look at from a biologist’s point of view,” says Félix Vallat, who is in charge of the DLCT project. What has been lost is knowledge. Now, it’s slowly coming back.”
E. Naude Dreyer is very happy that the lions are going back to the beach. Dreyer, who runs kayaking safaris in Walvis Bay, 350 kilometres to the south, has wanted to see a desert lion since he was five years old. After waiting for 30 years, he found two lionesses separately in Torra Bay in January 2022. He took a picture of one of them eating a fur seal while the Atlantic Ocean was in the background. “She looked up a few times while she was eating, but she didn’t do anything to make me feel uncomfortable,” says Dreyer, who kept his distance. The lioness who was photographed was likely Xpl-108, who lived in the geofenced area for more than 30 days between late November and early January. She, Alpha, and Bravo all have satellite collars on, and the tracking experiment is meant to help both the lions and the tourists by keeping them safe.
F. During busy times, like the December–January holidays in southern Africa, when lots of people go to the beaches, they could get in the way of the lions hunting or push the animals inland, where they could fight with farmers. The geofence is not a perfect way to keep things safe. Xpl-108 sneaked to the coast and killed a fur seal during the course of one night. The next morning, fishermen came to fish on the beach before the rangers could block it off. This scared Xpl-108, so she dragged her catch four kilometres inland to a rocky outcropping for safety.
G. Still, information from other places shows that the project should be successful. Matthew Wijers, a postdoctoral researcher on lions at the University of Oxford in England who is not part of the desert lion study, says that geofencing has worked well in other parts of southern Africa, even though it is expensive. “This technology, along with campaigns to teach people about the ecological importance of desert lions and how they could hurt people, should make it less likely that lions and fishermen will fight along the Skeleton Coast,” he says. It’s not clear if the lionesses will keep coming back to Torra Bay. After almost eight years, it looks like Namibia’s drought is finally over. During this time, there were 150 lions, but there were only 80 left. Vallat thinks that lions’ land-based prey, and hopefully the lion population, will return in two years. Vallat thinks that, for now, the geofence will keep everyone safe.
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description.
Which paragraph…
__________ 14. tells how female lions learned to hunt along the seaside?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
In Namibia, Lions Are King of the Beach
A. In Namibia’s dry Skeleton Coast National Park, there is an invisible fence between the lions and the people who come to see them. Namibia’s Ministry of Environment, Forestry, and Tourism and the non-profit Desert Lion Conservation Trust (DLCT) made a geofence that can tell when lions are getting close to a 40-kilometre stretch of a popular fishing and camping beach at Torra Bay. When a lion wearing a satellite collar crosses the geofence, the technology records the animal’s GPS location and sends automatic alerts to the DLCT’s lion rangers and camp managers, who then close off the area to visitors.
B. Several close calls between lions and people that could have been deadly led to the creation of an early warning system. Last year, a group of people who went fishing at Torra Bay got too close to a lioness, and the animal charged their car. As Namibia’s desert lions move back to the Skeleton Coast, there is a higher chance that they will attack. Luckily, nobody got hurt. In the northwest of Namibia, where Cape fur seals, beached whales, and cormorants live, lions have been known to eat them. People know that these lions can live in the Namib Desert’s harsh gravel plains and never-ending dunes. These are the only lions that are known to hunt sea animals, which is very interesting. In the 1980s, local farmers killed most of the desert lions, which caused them to move away from the shore.
C. The fact that lions were seen again in 2002 showed that the population was growing again. Lion ecologist Philip Stander, who started the DLCT, was worried that the population had forgotten how to hunt marine prey. But in the last eight years, three orphaned lionesses named Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie have brought hunting back to the beaches around Torra Bay. It seems likely that one of these lions or a fourth one called Xpl-108 attacked the fishermen’s car last year.
D. When drought killed off the mountain zebras, springboks, oryxes, and ostriches in the park in 2015, the lionesses started hunting coastal prey. Young lionesses ate seabirds instead of these important foods. They mostly ate cormorants, flamingos, and red-billed teals. Then, in 2018, scientists from the DLCT saw the lionesses hunting fur seals. This was the first time in 40 years that lions had been seen doing this. In a second 18-month study of the lionesses’ diet, Stander found that 86% of their food came from the sea, mostly cormorants, seals, and flamingos. “It’s interesting to look at from a biologist’s point of view,” says Félix Vallat, who is in charge of the DLCT project. What has been lost is knowledge. Now, it’s slowly coming back.”
E. Naude Dreyer is very happy that the lions are going back to the beach. Dreyer, who runs kayaking safaris in Walvis Bay, 350 kilometres to the south, has wanted to see a desert lion since he was five years old. After waiting for 30 years, he found two lionesses separately in Torra Bay in January 2022. He took a picture of one of them eating a fur seal while the Atlantic Ocean was in the background. “She looked up a few times while she was eating, but she didn’t do anything to make me feel uncomfortable,” says Dreyer, who kept his distance. The lioness who was photographed was likely Xpl-108, who lived in the geofenced area for more than 30 days between late November and early January. She, Alpha, and Bravo all have satellite collars on, and the tracking experiment is meant to help both the lions and the tourists by keeping them safe.
F. During busy times, like the December–January holidays in southern Africa, when lots of people go to the beaches, they could get in the way of the lions hunting or push the animals inland, where they could fight with farmers. The geofence is not a perfect way to keep things safe. Xpl-108 sneaked to the coast and killed a fur seal during the course of one night. The next morning, fishermen came to fish on the beach before the rangers could block it off. This scared Xpl-108, so she dragged her catch four kilometres inland to a rocky outcropping for safety.
G. Still, information from other places shows that the project should be successful. Matthew Wijers, a postdoctoral researcher on lions at the University of Oxford in England who is not part of the desert lion study, says that geofencing has worked well in other parts of southern Africa, even though it is expensive. “This technology, along with campaigns to teach people about the ecological importance of desert lions and how they could hurt people, should make it less likely that lions and fishermen will fight along the Skeleton Coast,” he says. It’s not clear if the lionesses will keep coming back to Torra Bay. After almost eight years, it looks like Namibia’s drought is finally over. During this time, there were 150 lions, but there were only 80 left. Vallat thinks that lions’ land-based prey, and hopefully the lion population, will return in two years. Vallat thinks that, for now, the geofence will keep everyone safe.
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description.
Which paragraph…
__________ 15. talks about some dangerous incidents that occurred where lions got too close to people, like when a bunch of individuals were out to catch fish and a female lion rushed at their automobile?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
A. | A memory foam pillow is made from a material called viscoelastic foam. This foam is designed to conform to the shape of the head and neck when pressure and heat are applied, and then gradually return to its original shape when the pressure is removed. Memory foam pillows are known for their ability to provide support and comfort to the head, neck, and shoulders by evenly distributing weight and pressure. This can help reduce pain and discomfort, especially for people who suffer from neck or back pain. Memory foam pillows can also help reduce snoring and sleep apnea by keeping the airway open and aligned. Memory foam pillows are available in a range of shapes and sizes to accommodate different sleep positions and preferences. Some pillows may be contoured to provide extra support for the neck, while others may have a cooling gel layer or ventilation channels to regulate temperature and improve airflow. | C. | A gel pillow contains a layer of gel or gel-infused material as part of its construction. The gel layer is typically incorporated into the foam or fiberfill of the pillow, and it may be located on one or both sides of the pillow. The purpose of the gel layer is to provide additional cooling and support for the head and neck. The gel helps to dissipate heat and regulate temperature, which can be beneficial for people who tend to sleep hot or who live in warm climates. Gel pillows are available in a range of materials, including memory foam, latex, and fiberfill. Some gel pillows may also have a contoured shape or adjustable fill, allowing the user to customise the pillow to their preferred level of firmness and support. Additionally, gel pillows may be heavier and more expensive than traditional pillows, which may be a consideration for some people. |
B. | A bamboo pillow is a type of pillow that is made with a blend of bamboo fibres and other materials. The bamboo fibres used in these pillows are derived from the pulp of bamboo plants and are known for their softness, durability, and breathability. Bamboo pillows are often marketed as being hypoallergenic and resistant to dust mites, mould, and mildew. The bamboo fibres’ natural moisture-wicking and temperature- regulating properties may also help keep the pillow cool and dry, which can be beneficial for people who tend to overheat while sleeping. Some bamboo pillows are adjustable, meaning they contain fill that can be added or removed to adjust the loft and firmness of the pillow to meet individual preferences. | D. | A polyester pillow is a type of pillow that is filled with polyester fibres, which are synthetic fibres made from petrochemicals. Polyester is a popular material for pillows because it is lightweight, hypoallergenic, and relatively inexpensive. Polyester pillows may come in a range of densities and firmness levels to accommodate different sleep preferences. They can also be shaped to fit different sleeping positions, such as a contoured pillow for side sleepers or a flatter pillow for back sleepers. Polyester pillows are typically machine-washable and may be more durable than some other types of pillows. However, they can be prone to flattening and losing shape over time, especially with frequent use. |
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.
Which extract mentions about…
16. A type of pillow that is gentle, long-lasting, can control moisture and temperature and is recommended for individuals who experience excessive heat while sleeping?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
A. | A memory foam pillow is made from a material called viscoelastic foam. This foam is designed to conform to the shape of the head and neck when pressure and heat are applied, and then gradually return to its original shape when the pressure is removed. Memory foam pillows are known for their ability to provide support and comfort to the head, neck, and shoulders by evenly distributing weight and pressure. This can help reduce pain and discomfort, especially for people who suffer from neck or back pain. Memory foam pillows can also help reduce snoring and sleep apnea by keeping the airway open and aligned. Memory foam pillows are available in a range of shapes and sizes to accommodate different sleep positions and preferences. Some pillows may be contoured to provide extra support for the neck, while others may have a cooling gel layer or ventilation channels to regulate temperature and improve airflow. | C. | A gel pillow contains a layer of gel or gel-infused material as part of its construction. The gel layer is typically incorporated into the foam or fiberfill of the pillow, and it may be located on one or both sides of the pillow. The purpose of the gel layer is to provide additional cooling and support for the head and neck. The gel helps to dissipate heat and regulate temperature, which can be beneficial for people who tend to sleep hot or who live in warm climates. Gel pillows are available in a range of materials, including memory foam, latex, and fiberfill. Some gel pillows may also have a contoured shape or adjustable fill, allowing the user to customise the pillow to their preferred level of firmness and support. Additionally, gel pillows may be heavier and more expensive than traditional pillows, which may be a consideration for some people. |
B. | A bamboo pillow is a type of pillow that is made with a blend of bamboo fibres and other materials. The bamboo fibres used in these pillows are derived from the pulp of bamboo plants and are known for their softness, durability, and breathability. Bamboo pillows are often marketed as being hypoallergenic and resistant to dust mites, mould, and mildew. The bamboo fibres’ natural moisture-wicking and temperature- regulating properties may also help keep the pillow cool and dry, which can be beneficial for people who tend to overheat while sleeping. Some bamboo pillows are adjustable, meaning they contain fill that can be added or removed to adjust the loft and firmness of the pillow to meet individual preferences. | D. | A polyester pillow is a type of pillow that is filled with polyester fibres, which are synthetic fibres made from petrochemicals. Polyester is a popular material for pillows because it is lightweight, hypoallergenic, and relatively inexpensive. Polyester pillows may come in a range of densities and firmness levels to accommodate different sleep preferences. They can also be shaped to fit different sleeping positions, such as a contoured pillow for side sleepers or a flatter pillow for back sleepers. Polyester pillows are typically machine-washable and may be more durable than some other types of pillows. However, they can be prone to flattening and losing shape over time, especially with frequent use. |
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.
Which extract mentions about…
17. A type of pillow that includes a layer that aids in distributing warmth, controlling temperature, and supplying extra cooling for those who have a tendency to get too hot during sleep or reside in warmer regions?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
A. | A memory foam pillow is made from a material called viscoelastic foam. This foam is designed to conform to the shape of the head and neck when pressure and heat are applied, and then gradually return to its original shape when the pressure is removed. Memory foam pillows are known for their ability to provide support and comfort to the head, neck, and shoulders by evenly distributing weight and pressure. This can help reduce pain and discomfort, especially for people who suffer from neck or back pain. Memory foam pillows can also help reduce snoring and sleep apnea by keeping the airway open and aligned. Memory foam pillows are available in a range of shapes and sizes to accommodate different sleep positions and preferences. Some pillows may be contoured to provide extra support for the neck, while others may have a cooling gel layer or ventilation channels to regulate temperature and improve airflow. | C. | A gel pillow contains a layer of gel or gel-infused material as part of its construction. The gel layer is typically incorporated into the foam or fiberfill of the pillow, and it may be located on one or both sides of the pillow. The purpose of the gel layer is to provide additional cooling and support for the head and neck. The gel helps to dissipate heat and regulate temperature, which can be beneficial for people who tend to sleep hot or who live in warm climates. Gel pillows are available in a range of materials, including memory foam, latex, and fiberfill. Some gel pillows may also have a contoured shape or adjustable fill, allowing the user to customise the pillow to their preferred level of firmness and support. Additionally, gel pillows may be heavier and more expensive than traditional pillows, which may be a consideration for some people. |
B. | A bamboo pillow is a type of pillow that is made with a blend of bamboo fibres and other materials. The bamboo fibres used in these pillows are derived from the pulp of bamboo plants and are known for their softness, durability, and breathability. Bamboo pillows are often marketed as being hypoallergenic and resistant to dust mites, mould, and mildew. The bamboo fibres’ natural moisture-wicking and temperature- regulating properties may also help keep the pillow cool and dry, which can be beneficial for people who tend to overheat while sleeping. Some bamboo pillows are adjustable, meaning they contain fill that can be added or removed to adjust the loft and firmness of the pillow to meet individual preferences. | D. | A polyester pillow is a type of pillow that is filled with polyester fibres, which are synthetic fibres made from petrochemicals. Polyester is a popular material for pillows because it is lightweight, hypoallergenic, and relatively inexpensive. Polyester pillows may come in a range of densities and firmness levels to accommodate different sleep preferences. They can also be shaped to fit different sleeping positions, such as a contoured pillow for side sleepers or a flatter pillow for back sleepers. Polyester pillows are typically machine-washable and may be more durable than some other types of pillows. However, they can be prone to flattening and losing shape over time, especially with frequent use. |
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.
Which extract mentions about…
18. A type of pillow that can help relieve soreness and aches by supporting the head and neck and spreading weight and pressure equally?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
A. | A memory foam pillow is made from a material called viscoelastic foam. This foam is designed to conform to the shape of the head and neck when pressure and heat are applied, and then gradually return to its original shape when the pressure is removed. Memory foam pillows are known for their ability to provide support and comfort to the head, neck, and shoulders by evenly distributing weight and pressure. This can help reduce pain and discomfort, especially for people who suffer from neck or back pain. Memory foam pillows can also help reduce snoring and sleep apnea by keeping the airway open and aligned. Memory foam pillows are available in a range of shapes and sizes to accommodate different sleep positions and preferences. Some pillows may be contoured to provide extra support for the neck, while others may have a cooling gel layer or ventilation channels to regulate temperature and improve airflow. | C. | A gel pillow contains a layer of gel or gel-infused material as part of its construction. The gel layer is typically incorporated into the foam or fiberfill of the pillow, and it may be located on one or both sides of the pillow. The purpose of the gel layer is to provide additional cooling and support for the head and neck. The gel helps to dissipate heat and regulate temperature, which can be beneficial for people who tend to sleep hot or who live in warm climates. Gel pillows are available in a range of materials, including memory foam, latex, and fiberfill. Some gel pillows may also have a contoured shape or adjustable fill, allowing the user to customise the pillow to their preferred level of firmness and support. Additionally, gel pillows may be heavier and more expensive than traditional pillows, which may be a consideration for some people. |
B. | A bamboo pillow is a type of pillow that is made with a blend of bamboo fibres and other materials. The bamboo fibres used in these pillows are derived from the pulp of bamboo plants and are known for their softness, durability, and breathability. Bamboo pillows are often marketed as being hypoallergenic and resistant to dust mites, mould, and mildew. The bamboo fibres’ natural moisture-wicking and temperature- regulating properties may also help keep the pillow cool and dry, which can be beneficial for people who tend to overheat while sleeping. Some bamboo pillows are adjustable, meaning they contain fill that can be added or removed to adjust the loft and firmness of the pillow to meet individual preferences. | D. | A polyester pillow is a type of pillow that is filled with polyester fibres, which are synthetic fibres made from petrochemicals. Polyester is a popular material for pillows because it is lightweight, hypoallergenic, and relatively inexpensive. Polyester pillows may come in a range of densities and firmness levels to accommodate different sleep preferences. They can also be shaped to fit different sleeping positions, such as a contoured pillow for side sleepers or a flatter pillow for back sleepers. Polyester pillows are typically machine-washable and may be more durable than some other types of pillows. However, they can be prone to flattening and losing shape over time, especially with frequent use. |
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.
Which extract mentions about…
19. A particular type of pillow that may come with a higher weight and cost compared to standard pillows, which could be a factor for certain individuals to think about before buying?
Read the extracts below then answer the questions that follow.
A. | A memory foam pillow is made from a material called viscoelastic foam. This foam is designed to conform to the shape of the head and neck when pressure and heat are applied, and then gradually return to its original shape when the pressure is removed. Memory foam pillows are known for their ability to provide support and comfort to the head, neck, and shoulders by evenly distributing weight and pressure. This can help reduce pain and discomfort, especially for people who suffer from neck or back pain. Memory foam pillows can also help reduce snoring and sleep apnea by keeping the airway open and aligned. Memory foam pillows are available in a range of shapes and sizes to accommodate different sleep positions and preferences. Some pillows may be contoured to provide extra support for the neck, while others may have a cooling gel layer or ventilation channels to regulate temperature and improve airflow. | C. | A gel pillow contains a layer of gel or gel-infused material as part of its construction. The gel layer is typically incorporated into the foam or fiberfill of the pillow, and it may be located on one or both sides of the pillow. The purpose of the gel layer is to provide additional cooling and support for the head and neck. The gel helps to dissipate heat and regulate temperature, which can be beneficial for people who tend to sleep hot or who live in warm climates. Gel pillows are available in a range of materials, including memory foam, latex, and fiberfill. Some gel pillows may also have a contoured shape or adjustable fill, allowing the user to customise the pillow to their preferred level of firmness and support. Additionally, gel pillows may be heavier and more expensive than traditional pillows, which may be a consideration for some people. |
B. | A bamboo pillow is a type of pillow that is made with a blend of bamboo fibres and other materials. The bamboo fibres used in these pillows are derived from the pulp of bamboo plants and are known for their softness, durability, and breathability. Bamboo pillows are often marketed as being hypoallergenic and resistant to dust mites, mould, and mildew. The bamboo fibres’ natural moisture-wicking and temperature- regulating properties may also help keep the pillow cool and dry, which can be beneficial for people who tend to overheat while sleeping. Some bamboo pillows are adjustable, meaning they contain fill that can be added or removed to adjust the loft and firmness of the pillow to meet individual preferences. | D. | A polyester pillow is a type of pillow that is filled with polyester fibres, which are synthetic fibres made from petrochemicals. Polyester is a popular material for pillows because it is lightweight, hypoallergenic, and relatively inexpensive. Polyester pillows may come in a range of densities and firmness levels to accommodate different sleep preferences. They can also be shaped to fit different sleeping positions, such as a contoured pillow for side sleepers or a flatter pillow for back sleepers. Polyester pillows are typically machine-washable and may be more durable than some other types of pillows. However, they can be prone to flattening and losing shape over time, especially with frequent use. |
Answer the following questions by choosing the correct letter that matches the description. Take note that the letters can be repeated accordingly.
Which extract mentions about…
20. A type of pillow that is available in various thicknesses and levels of hardness to suit diverse sleeping choices yet, with regular use, it may become susceptible to losing its shape, which is a common issue?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
The Children’s Book That Caused Japan’s Raccoon Problem
Raccoons are a problem animal in Japan because they dig through trash, steal from vendors, eat crops, and damage old temples with their sharp claws and lots of poop. But they started their invasion in 1977 when Japanese kids were crazy about a cartoon raccoon named Rascal.
He was cute and naughty, and he was the main character in an anime series based on a popular children’s book by American author Sterling North. Atlas Obscura’s Eric Grundhauser says that the book, called Rascal: A Memoir of a Better Era, came out in 1963 and told the story of North’s adventures with his pet raccoon when he was a child. People loved the warm and fuzzy story, and in 1969, Disney made it into a real-life movie.
But the book became even more popular when the story moved to Japan and the Nippon Animation Company turned it into a 52-episode cartoon series that the children of that country loved. The kids liked Rascal so much that they wanted their own adventures with raccoons. Soon, they were bringing in about 1,500 animals a month. But Grundhauser says, “They should have finished the series first.”
You see, at the end of Sterling North’s book, he has to send Rascal back into nature to live as he was meant to live—not as a pet, but as a wild animal. And many Japanese families ended up doing the same thing. Even though baby raccoons look like cute little cat thieves, they don’t make very good pets.
Soon after, the Japanese government made it illegal to bring in raccoons or keep them as pets, but the damage was already done. A 2004 report says that descendants of the Rascal craze can be found in 42 of the 47 prefectures in the country.
Raccoons have spread out from their native North America to places like Japan and China. Parts of Europe and the Caucasus have trouble with raccoons because hunters and the fur trade bring them there. In 2012, Spain was worried about the animals because they often carry dangerous diseases like rabies. In the same year, one city in Germany had 100 raccoons for every square kilometre. There are a lot of Rascals there.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
21. What is the significance of the book “Rascal: A Memoir of a Better Era”?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
The Children’s Book That Caused Japan’s Raccoon Problem
Raccoons are a problem animal in Japan because they dig through trash, steal from vendors, eat crops, and damage old temples with their sharp claws and lots of poop. But they started their invasion in 1977 when Japanese kids were crazy about a cartoon raccoon named Rascal.
He was cute and naughty, and he was the main character in an anime series based on a popular children’s book by American author Sterling North. Atlas Obscura’s Eric Grundhauser says that the book, called Rascal: A Memoir of a Better Era, came out in 1963 and told the story of North’s adventures with his pet raccoon when he was a child. People loved the warm and fuzzy story, and in 1969, Disney made it into a real-life movie.
But the book became even more popular when the story moved to Japan and the Nippon Animation Company turned it into a 52-episode cartoon series that the children of that country loved. The kids liked Rascal so much that they wanted their own adventures with raccoons. Soon, they were bringing in about 1,500 animals a month. But Grundhauser says, “They should have finished the series first.”
You see, at the end of Sterling North’s book, he has to send Rascal back into nature to live as he was meant to live—not as a pet, but as a wild animal. And many Japanese families ended up doing the same thing. Even though baby raccoons look like cute little cat thieves, they don’t make very good pets.
Soon after, the Japanese government made it illegal to bring in raccoons or keep them as pets, but the damage was already done. A 2004 report says that descendants of the Rascal craze can be found in 42 of the 47 prefectures in the country.
Raccoons have spread out from their native North America to places like Japan and China. Parts of Europe and the Caucasus have trouble with raccoons because hunters and the fur trade bring them there. In 2012, Spain was worried about the animals because they often carry dangerous diseases like rabies. In the same year, one city in Germany had 100 raccoons for every square kilometre. There are a lot of Rascals there.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
22. Based on the article, some Japanese families got a raccoon when it was popular in their country but released them into the wild as it grew up. What does this say about the families?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
The Children’s Book That Caused Japan’s Raccoon Problem
Raccoons are a problem animal in Japan because they dig through trash, steal from vendors, eat crops, and damage old temples with their sharp claws and lots of poop. But they started their invasion in 1977 when Japanese kids were crazy about a cartoon raccoon named Rascal.
He was cute and naughty, and he was the main character in an anime series based on a popular children’s book by American author Sterling North. Atlas Obscura’s Eric Grundhauser says that the book, called Rascal: A Memoir of a Better Era, came out in 1963 and told the story of North’s adventures with his pet raccoon when he was a child. People loved the warm and fuzzy story, and in 1969, Disney made it into a real-life movie.
But the book became even more popular when the story moved to Japan and the Nippon Animation Company turned it into a 52-episode cartoon series that the children of that country loved. The kids liked Rascal so much that they wanted their own adventures with raccoons. Soon, they were bringing in about 1,500 animals a month. But Grundhauser says, “They should have finished the series first.”
You see, at the end of Sterling North’s book, he has to send Rascal back into nature to live as he was meant to live—not as a pet, but as a wild animal. And many Japanese families ended up doing the same thing. Even though baby raccoons look like cute little cat thieves, they don’t make very good pets.
Soon after, the Japanese government made it illegal to bring in raccoons or keep them as pets, but the damage was already done. A 2004 report says that descendants of the Rascal craze can be found in 42 of the 47 prefectures in the country.
Raccoons have spread out from their native North America to places like Japan and China. Parts of Europe and the Caucasus have trouble with raccoons because hunters and the fur trade bring them there. In 2012, Spain was worried about the animals because they often carry dangerous diseases like rabies. In the same year, one city in Germany had 100 raccoons for every square kilometre. There are a lot of Rascals there.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
23. Over time, the Japanese government made it illegal to bring raccoons into their country or keep them as pets, but the damage had already been done. How did their decision impact the presence of the raccoons?
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
The Children’s Book That Caused Japan’s Raccoon Problem
Raccoons are a problem animal in Japan because they dig through trash, steal from vendors, eat crops, and damage old temples with their sharp claws and lots of poop. But they started their invasion in 1977 when Japanese kids were crazy about a cartoon raccoon named Rascal.
He was cute and naughty, and he was the main character in an anime series based on a popular children’s book by American author Sterling North. Atlas Obscura’s Eric Grundhauser says that the book, called Rascal: A Memoir of a Better Era, came out in 1963 and told the story of North’s adventures with his pet raccoon when he was a child. People loved the warm and fuzzy story, and in 1969, Disney made it into a real-life movie.
But the book became even more popular when the story moved to Japan and the Nippon Animation Company turned it into a 52-episode cartoon series that the children of that country loved. The kids liked Rascal so much that they wanted their own adventures with raccoons. Soon, they were bringing in about 1,500 animals a month. But Grundhauser says, “They should have finished the series first.”
You see, at the end of Sterling North’s book, he has to send Rascal back into nature to live as he was meant to live—not as a pet, but as a wild animal. And many Japanese families ended up doing the same thing. Even though baby raccoons look like cute little cat thieves, they don’t make very good pets.
Soon after, the Japanese government made it illegal to bring in raccoons or keep them as pets, but the damage was already done. A 2004 report says that descendants of the Rascal craze can be found in 42 of the 47 prefectures in the country.
Raccoons have spread out from their native North America to places like Japan and China. Parts of Europe and the Caucasus have trouble with raccoons because hunters and the fur trade bring them there. In 2012, Spain was worried about the animals because they often carry dangerous diseases like rabies. In the same year, one city in Germany had 100 raccoons for every square kilometre. There are a lot of Rascals there.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
24 Which of the following describes the negative impact of raccoons on the environment?
I. Raccoons damage property and crops
II. Raccoons can produce sanitation concerns.
III. Raccoons adapt to different environments and situations.
IV. Raccoons contribute to the spread of dangerous diseases.
V. Raccoons help control populations of insects and other small animals.
Read the article below then answer the questions that follow.
The Children’s Book That Caused Japan’s Raccoon Problem
Raccoons are a problem animal in Japan because they dig through trash, steal from vendors, eat crops, and damage old temples with their sharp claws and lots of poop. But they started their invasion in 1977 when Japanese kids were crazy about a cartoon raccoon named Rascal.
He was cute and naughty, and he was the main character in an anime series based on a popular children’s book by American author Sterling North. Atlas Obscura’s Eric Grundhauser says that the book, called Rascal: A Memoir of a Better Era, came out in 1963 and told the story of North’s adventures with his pet raccoon when he was a child. People loved the warm and fuzzy story, and in 1969, Disney made it into a real-life movie.
But the book became even more popular when the story moved to Japan and the Nippon Animation Company turned it into a 52-episode cartoon series that the children of that country loved. The kids liked Rascal so much that they wanted their own adventures with raccoons. Soon, they were bringing in about 1,500 animals a month. But Grundhauser says, “They should have finished the series first.”
You see, at the end of Sterling North’s book, he has to send Rascal back into nature to live as he was meant to live—not as a pet, but as a wild animal. And many Japanese families ended up doing the same thing. Even though baby raccoons look like cute little cat thieves, they don’t make very good pets.
Soon after, the Japanese government made it illegal to bring in raccoons or keep them as pets, but the damage was already done. A 2004 report says that descendants of the Rascal craze can be found in 42 of the 47 prefectures in the country.
Raccoons have spread out from their native North America to places like Japan and China. Parts of Europe and the Caucasus have trouble with raccoons because hunters and the fur trade bring them there. In 2012, Spain was worried about the animals because they often carry dangerous diseases like rabies. In the same year, one city in Germany had 100 raccoons for every square kilometre. There are a lot of Rascals there.
Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the best answer.
25. What is the key takeaway that can be taken from the information presented in the article?
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